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National Conference on Advanced Innovation in Engineering and Technology (NCAIET-2015)
NCAIET-15
📅 Date: 24th and 25th April 2015
🏫 Organized by: Alva’s Institute of Engineering and Technology, Moodbidri
📖 Volume: VOLUME 3, SPECIAL ISSUE 1, APRIL 2015
Study of Feature Extraction Techniques for the Detection of Diseases of Agricultural Products
Priya P., Dony A. D’souza
Comparative Analysis of Color Image Watermarking using DWT and DWT-SVD
Praveen Kumar M, Gandhimathinathan.A
An Effective Algorithm ForMultiplication For Residual Number System
MrPhalguna P S, Mr Keith Raymond Fernandes
Enhancement of Security in Visual Cryptography System using Genetic Algorithm
Anisha Maria Coelho Prabhu, Pradyumna G. R.
A Novel Face Encoding Algorithm Based On Local Directional Number Pattern
Sunil M. S, Mr. Anoop C. V
Extension of Diffie Hellman Algorithm for Multiple Participants
Shivani Atish Gaonkar, H. Manjunath Pai
Development of User Friendly Data Acquisition and Actuation System on Embedded Platform
Moolya Ashwar Shankar, Sukesh Rao M.
Design and Analysis of an Efficient Wallace Tree Multiplier using Current Comparison Domino
Akshatha K, Mrs. Savitha M
Design and Analysis of an Efficient Counter Using Pulse Enhancement Flip-Flop
Preethi Bhat M P, Mrs. Savitha M
Low Power Data Acquisition Front End for Wireless Body Sensor Network
Yogeesh Rao A, Mrs Sushma P .S
Visible Light Communication using White LEDs for Indoor Wireless Data Transmission
JoslinePriya Dsouza, DayaNaik
Pixel-based Classification of Multispectral Remotely Sensed Data Using Support Vector Machine Classifier
Mahendra H N, Shivakumar B R , Praveen J
Breast Cancer Detection Using Opposition Based Support Vector Machine with aid of MFCM
Sachinkumar , Dr. Sarika Tale
A novel architecture for a DSCDMA-CI transmitter using cordic and its FPGA Implementation
Meghana Shetty, Yuvraj T, Praveen J, Raghavengra Rao R
Design and Implementation of SDR Transceiver Architecture on FPGA
Shreevani. C, Ashoka. A, Praveen. J, Raghavendra Rao. A
Design of Low Power Flip-Flop with Signal Feed Through Scheme for Counter Design Applications
Haritha Vijayan, Praveen J, Raghavendra Rao A
Implementation of Low Power TPG using LFSR and single input changing generator (SICG) for BIST Application
Namratha M R, Jyothi Pramal, Praveen J, Raghavendra Rao A
Design and Implementation of Universal Modulator using Two- Level Pipelined Cordic Structure
Nandu K H, Mr. Santhosh S, Mr. Praveen J
Implementation of Digital Circuits Using Reversible Logic
Lakshmy Chandran S, Parveez Shariff B G, Praveen J, Raghavendra Rao A
Analysis and Design of a New Modified Double-Tail Comparator For High Speed ADC Applications
Shreedevi Subramanya, Praveen J, Raghavendra Rao A
Low Transition Test Pattern Generation for Minimizing Test Power in VLSI Circuits Using BIST Techniques
Mr. Venkatesh Y C, Mrs. Sushma P S, Mr Praveen J
Design of ECG Signal Analysis Module for Arrhythmia Detection and Its Implementation on FPGA
Meghashree S J, Shankar B B, Praveen J, Raghavendra Rao A
Hardware Implementation of Retinal Image Processing Algorithm on FPGA
Nazia Abdul Majeed, Satheesh Rao
Modular Architecture for High Speed Packet Classification using SBV Algorithm
Sushanth Anil Lobo, Roshan S Shetty
Efficient Convolutional Adaptive Viterbi Encoder and Decoder Using Verilog
Sudharani B K, Dhananjay B, Praveen J, Raghavendra Rao A
Design and Implementation of different types of efficient parallel prefix adders
Mr. Deepak Raj, Mrs.Sahana K Adyanthaya , Prof. Praveen J, Prof. Raghavengra Rao R
VLSI Implementation of Built-In Self Repair for Faulty Memory based on the Memory Address
Kiran G Nimbargi, B Ramesh, Praveen J, Raghavendra Rao A
Design And Implementation of 8T SRAM cell for Analysis of DC Noise Margin During Write Operation
Santhosh bg, Sowmya, Praveen J,Raghavengra Rao R
A low power, high speed parity check parallel data search CAM using complimentary search lines
Mr. Sandesh Kumar, Mrs. Prabha Niranjan, Mr. Chethan R.
A low power, high speed parity check parallel data search CAM using complimentary search lines
Mr. Sandesh Kumar, Mrs. Prabha Niranjan, Mr. Chethan R.
Design and FPGA implementation of TDEA using Light Weight Processor based multiprocessing system
Shivaraj B G, Shankar B B , Praveen J, Raghavendra Rao A
Detection of Malicious Packet Dropping in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks Based on Privacy-Preserving Public Auditing
Bhagyashree S., Prof. Anand S Uppar
A Review Paper on RASP Data Perturbation for Confidential and Efficient Queries in the Cloud
Jayalakshmi S, Harish kunder
An Efficient and Secure System for Cloud Transactions using Policy Based Access Control Mechanism
Lingaraja A J
Efficient Sharing of Data over Cloud by Public-Key Encryption Using KAC technique
Prithviraj, Arundhati Nelli
Dynamic resource provisioning over cloud for revenue maximization
Mangala Kini B , Mr. Stanley Dsouza
Achieving a mechanism for detecting malicious nodes using Secure Acknowledgment (S-ACK)
ManojAithal S ,Hemanth Kumar N.P
Secure file sharing technique on cloud storage using an aggregate-key
Mr. Sharan L Pais, Mr. Shrikanth N G
Oruta: Ensuring Data Integrity and Public Assessment for Shared Data in the Cloud
Mr. Joshil, Mrs. Rasheeda Z Khan
Privacy Preserving Data Aggregation that avoids malicious modification of sensor data
Prajna Mayadi, Chinmai Shetty
A Service Level Agreement based Implementation of Security in Distributed Storage System
Shruthi Shetty J, Manjunath Kotari
A novel approach Using acknowledgement for highly efficient secured intrusion -detection system for MANETS
Kavyashree G M
An Approach for Adaptive Load Balancing using Centralized Load Scheduling in Distributed Systems
Merlyn Melita Mathias, Manjunath Kotari
Securing SSO using Symmetric Encryption Technique for Distributed Network (Securing SSO in Distributed Network)
M Durga Prasanna, Ms Roopa S R
Cell Density based Traffic Information System on Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks
Saranya Balaram, Janardhana.K
Fuzzy Logic Based Assessment of Periodic Variation of Water Quality of Nethravathi River in Dakshina Kannada District
Shelton Rainer Pinto
Comparative Study on Effect of Aspect Ratio on Performance of Steel Frame Structure with and without infill using Pushover Analysis
Kiran Kamath, Shruthi
Effect of fly ash and steel fibres on shrinkage properties of self-compacting concrete: A review
Sabyath P. Shetty, Gopinatha Nayak, Kiran K. Shetty
A Study on Effect of Fineness of Quarry Dust on Compressive Strength of Concrete
Thushar T.P , Dr.K.Balakrishna Rao
Providing Hop by Hop Message Authentication and Source Privacy in Wireless Sensor Networks
Malashree
Indoor-Outdoor Classification of Audio-Video and Detection of Tampered Audio
Shijitha P U, Nagaraja Hebbar N
Apriori Based Muti-Keyword Search Over Encrypted Cloud Data
Sujatha Manni, Parikshith Nayak
Design and Implementation of GPS signal Generator using C/A code on FPGA
Jayalaxmi Rao, Sudhakara H M, Praveen J, Ragavendra Rao A
Abstract
Smart Grid: An Overview
H. Srikanth Kamath, Tanushree Kakani
Abstract:
The electric grid system is evolved into a smart grid using advanced technologies. The smart grid acts on various information and data in a systematized fashion. It includes an advanced metering infrastructure system that is responsible for the communication between the smart meter and the utility. The reliability, efficiency, sustainability and economics of the production and distribution of electricity will greatly improve with a smart grid. Overall the smart grid will help save energy.
Keywords:
Smart grid, advanced metering infrastructure, smart meter.
Abstract
Study of Feature Extraction Techniques for the Detection of Diseases of Agricultural Products
Priya P., Dony A. D’souza
Abstract:
This article describes the feature extraction methods for crop and fruit diseases based on computer image processing in detail. Crop and fruit diseases are most important agricultural products. In order to obtain more value added products, a proper quality control is essentially required. There are various applications claimed to extract the accurate information from the coloured image database. The main purpose of this paper is to provide an interface for digitally illiterate users, especially farmers to efficiently and effectively retrieve information through internet. In addition, to enable the farmers to identify the disease in their crop, its causes and symptoms using image processing without classical approach and identify the disease.
Keywords:
Image Processing, Feature Extraction, Crop and Fruit Diseases, Quality Control, Classical approach.
Abstract
Comparative Analysis of Color Image Watermarking using DWT and DWT-SVD
Praveen Kumar M, Gandhimathinathan.A
Abstract:
Rapid development in computer technology makes images, audio, text and video can be more easily reproduced, processed and stored in digital devices. Digital watermarking is a technique which allows an individual to add hidden copyright notices or other verification messages to digital audio, video, or image and documents. In this paper the concept of color image watermarking technique is performed (i.e., both Host Image and Watermark Image are color images), using DWT based algorithm and DWT-SVD based algorithm. The performance metrics Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Normalized Correlation (NC) are analyzed. In addition to the above analysis a robustness check is performed in a watermarked color image with an application of various attacks (Salt- Pepper Noise Attacks, Rotation (Clockwise), Blurring, Image Sharpening and Gaussian Noise) to illustrate the efficiency of the above algorithm.
Keywords:
Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), Mean Square Error (MSE), Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Normalized Correlation (NC).
Abstract
Logo Matching and Recognition for Avoiding Duplicate Logos
Lalsawmliani Fanchun, Rishma Mary George
Abstract:
Logo matching and recognition is mainly done in order to reveal duplicate logos which have a slight difference from the original logos in order to deceive customer. In this paper an effective logo matching and recognition method called Context-Dependent Similarity method is performed. Firstly dataset of logo images are created for the reference images, then another test image which have logos in it is taken as the input and start matching with the dataset logo images to check whether the input image is fake or genuine logo based on the dataset image. For this features of logos images for both the reference and test images are extracted and based on their extracted features matching is performed using Context-Dependent Similarity method.
Keywords:
Key-points extraction, Computation of context, Logo matching and recognition.
Abstract
Simulation of MPPT using Fuzzy Logic Controller for AC Drive
Manasa.M.Shetty, Girish joshi
Abstract:
The need for renewable energy sources is increasing due to increase in world's energy demand. Solar energy is one of the widely used renewable energy source due to efficiency, size, maintainability. In this work dc power from the solar panel is boosted using a boost converter and then it is given to inverter which gives AC Power which runs an induction motor. To get the maximum power available a MPPT controller is used to control the Boost converter. There are different types of MPPT algorithms in which artificial intelligence techniques are popular. Artificial neural networks and fuzzy logic are two different types of artificial intelligence techniques used to design MPPT controller for PV system. Depending on solar radiation and temperature MPPT controller gives optimum duty cycle to the switch of the boost converter. In this work fuzzy logic technique is used to control the MPPT to give optimized duty cycle.
Keywords:
MPPT, PV, ANN, FL.
Abstract
An Effective Algorithm ForMultiplication For Residual Number System
MrPhalguna P S, Mr Keith Raymond Fernandes
Abstract:
Residual Number System (RNS) represents a larger integer using a set of smaller integer for a set of selected moduli [1]. The computation part of the RNS has an integer part multiplied with the selected modulo and a residual part. The selected moduli are absolute values, which are relatively prime [1][2]. In RNS multiplication process the residues of the multiplier and multiplicand are obtained for set of moduli and multiplied respectively to get the residues of final product. The conversion of RNS to Decimal Number System is done by Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT).In RNS multiplication process, multiplication of large numbers can be done at the same speed as on short numbers. The speed is determined by the largest modulo position. The computation complexity is decreased by representing the larger number as set of smaller numbers. In this project, a comparison will be carried out between the Booth multiplier, Modified Booth multiplier and Radix-8 Booth multiplier with and without using RNS and are designed using Verilog HDL and implemented in FPGA. These multipliers are checked for Power and Efficiency.
Keywords:
RNS (Residual Number System), CRT (Chinese Remainder Theorem).
Abstract
High Speed IP Based Architecture for Telecommand System on chip (SoC)
Anupama Muralidharan
Abstract:
An IP (intellectual property) core is a block of logic or data that is used for making a field programmable gate array ( FPGA ) or application-specific integrated circuit ( ASIC ) for a product. Design reuse IP cores are part of the growing electronic design automation (EDA ) industry which allows the repeated use of previously designed components. Using many IP cores a system itself can be designed, System on Chip (SoC) offers this requirement. In the current telecommand communication method, excess number of physical devices is present, which cause a major communication delay. Combining many of the predesigned internal blocks in to a single chip can solve this problem. The paper is concerned with the design of telecommand and telemetry system and its peripheral devices like combined memory and error detection and correction (EDAC) unit.
Keywords:
EDAC, Telecommand, SoC.
Abstract
Enhancement of Security in Visual Cryptography System using Genetic Algorithm
Anisha Maria Coelho Prabhu, Pradyumna G. R.
Abstract:
Visual Cryptography (VC) is a special type of encryption technique where an image or document is encrypted by breaking it down into shares. These shares are then printed on transparencies. Decryption is done by superimposing the shares. Thus one can visually decode the secret image without computation. However, this property makes VC insecure as a third party can easily retrieve the secret information if he obtains the transparencies. VC can be made more secure by encrypting the shares using Genetic Algorithm. Overlapping these encrypted shares reveals no information about the secret image, increasing the security of the VC scheme.
Keywords:
Visual Cryptography (VC).
Abstract
A Novel Face Encoding Algorithm Based On Local Directional Number Pattern
Sunil M. S, Mr. Anoop C. V
Abstract:
Edge response in terms of direction and number will vary from person to person and expression to expression and can be used for face and expression recognition. Encoding these face features in a compact form is a must to obtain the discriminant information. This is a hot research topic and many works have already been done on the same. This paper proposes a novel algorithm based on Local Directional Number Pattern (LDN) for encoding edge responses and directional information of an image in an effective manner. Choice of appropriate edge detection method is very important for finding the absolute gradient magnitude for edges. Kirsch Compass Mask (KCM), a popular edge detection operator which uses the derivative approximation to find edges is used in this work. This paper also discusses two variants of edge detection namely Slow KCM (SKCM) approach which is computationally more complex and Fast KCM (FKCM) approach which is less complex. Analysis of edge responses in different expressions namely normal, smile, surprise, disgust, and sad, using the proposed algorithm is presented in this paper. The results show that LDN coded image can be used as unique feature descriptor in face and expression recognition.
Keywords:
Local Directional Number Pattern, gradient magnitude, Kirsch Compass Mask, derivative approximation, Face and expression recognition.
Abstract
Extension of Diffie Hellman Algorithm for Multiple Participants
Shivani Atish Gaonkar, H. Manjunath Pai
Abstract:
Diffie Hellman key exchange algorithm was proposed in 1976. Extension of this algorithm is done for multiple participants. The number of exponentiations will vary by N. If large number of participants is involved then it becomes complicated. Here we reduce the complexity and increase the speed by making use of divide and conquer technique. It divides the total number of participants into smaller groups and applies algorithm on them independently. There are log2N+1 exponentiations obtained which are less compared to N and makes the key exchange simpler. Software implementation of extension of this algorithm is done using MATLAB. Further hardware implementation is carried out by making use of a DSP processor.
Keywords:
Diffie Hellman key exchange algorithm.
Abstract
Vehicular Monitoring and Tracking System
Prithvi P Shetty, Raksha Adappa
Abstract:
The rapid growth in the transport industry has led to the increase in accidents and vehicle theft. This paper explains about design of Vehicular Monitoring and tracking System based on ARM combinative with Global System for Mobile (GSM) and Global Positioning System (GPS). This System uses ARM processor LPC1768 that is interfaced with the temperature sensor and SIM908 (GSM and GPS). SIM908 gives latitude, longitude and other information to the monitoring station such as Police station or Hospitals in case of accidents and also to the owner of vehicle in case of vehicle theft.
Keywords:
Global System for Mobile (GSM), Global Positioning System (GPS), Advanced RISC Machine(ARM), Controller Area Network (CAN), Universal Asynchronous transmitter receiver (UART), Vehicular Monitoring and Tracking System (VMTS), Protocol Description Unit (PDU).
Abstract
Development of User Friendly Data Acquisition and Actuation System on Embedded Platform
Moolya Ashwar Shankar, Sukesh Rao M.
Abstract:
The proposed system accepts both digital and analog signals of different precision. The system works in two ways, data acquisition mode and actuation mode. During data acquisition operation the analog values or digital bits are read by the processor, where the processing is carried out based on the constraints provided by the user through GUI. The processed data is transferred by embedded controller to the Host PC with the help of a Universal Serial Bus hub/Host controller, connected through a serial Bus (USB2.0). Data acquisition starts with the input provided by the user command. The Embedded Host controller unit performs the data acquisition and transmits to the Host PC via USB. In data actuation operation the input can be analog value or digital value. When user provides digital value in Host PC, digital input values are given to processor via USB. The processor unit performs processing by converting digital input to analog output values, result will be obtained from output port of processor. When user gives a value in Host PC, the value gets converted to digital format by PC which can be interpreted by the system. Discrete values are given as input to processor unit via USB. The Analog to Digital converter will be performed in processor by converting discrete values to analog output. Analog output values are obtained from output ports of processor.
Keywords:
GUI, Host PC, mbed NXP LPC 1768 embedded controller, ADC, DAC, USB.
Abstract
Design and Analysis of an Efficient Wallace Tree Multiplier using Current Comparison Domino
Akshatha K, Mrs. Savitha M
Abstract:
In this paper, a new domino circuit is proposed with low leakage current and high noise immunity which decreases the parasitic capacitance on the dynamic node. This yields a smaller keeper transistors for wide fan-in gates to implement fast and robust circuits. The technique utilized is based on comparison of mirrored current of the pull-up network with its worst case leakage current. Thus, the power consumption and delay can be reduced. A 6*6 Wallace tree multiplier is designed based on CCD (Current Comparison Domino) which uses low leakage high speed full adders. These full adders uses current comparison based domino logic to achieve low leakage and high speed. The proposed design is simulated using LT SPICE schematic editor tool.
Keywords:
Current Comparison Domino (CCD), Pull Up Network(PUN),Pull Down Network (PDN) ,Wallace Tree Multiplier.
Abstract
Design and Analysis of an Efficient Counter Using Pulse Enhancement Flip-Flop
Preethi Bhat M P, Mrs. Savitha M
Abstract:
In this paper, a high performance pulse Triggered flip- flop design is presented. The proposed design reduces the number of transistors stacked in the discharging path and also reduces the overall switching delay. This enhanced pulse triggered low-power flip flop (EPTLFF) avoids unnecessary internal node transitions to improve the power consumption as compared to previously designed circuits. A 4-bit counter is also designed using proposed EPTL. This design features the reduced power consumption and power-delay-product performance as compared to the other two types of flip flops which are implemented. These designs are simulated using mentor graphics schematic editor tool.
Keywords:
Flip-flop, low power, pulse-triggered.
Abstract
Transform Domain Techniques for Image Steganography
Vaishali P, Pradyumna Bhat
Abstract:
Steganography is the powerful tool for hiding information inside useful cover medium in ways such that the hidden message is undetectable. In Greek language, stego means covered or secret and graphy means to write. Hence, steganography means covered writing. Transform domain steganography is one of the techniques used for hidden exchange of information in frequency domain and it can be defined as the study of invisible communication that deals with the ways of hiding the existence of the communicated message. In this way, if successfully achieved, the message does not get attention of attackers and eavesdroppers. In steganography, information can be hidden in different cover carriers. Cover media can be a text, image, audio or video files.
Keywords:
DCT, DWT, SVD, PSNR, MSE, Stego-image.
Abstract
Low Power Data Acquisition Front End for Wireless Body Sensor Network
Yogeesh Rao A, Mrs Sushma P .S
Abstract:
Amplifying, Digitizing and compressing the signals from the sensors plays an important role in wireless data transmission. Nyquist sampling of bio- medical signals generates large amount of data from a single sensor which is to be stored and compressed by the processor. The proposed data acquisition platform provides amplification and digitisation at the source itself. Operational Trans conductance Amplifier and 1 bit sigma -delta ADC are designed and simulated using LT Spice
Keywords:
1-Bit Sigma-Delta ADC, CMOS Technology, LTspice Tool.
Abstract
AIDI: Adaptive Image Denoising IP-core based on FPGA
Honnambika M, Latha k, M N Eshwarappa
Abstract:
The presence of noise in images can significantly impact the performances of computer vision algorithms and digital image processing. Thus, noise should be removed to improve the robustness of the entire process. Denoising or noise reduction is one of the most essential processes for digital image processing. The main goal of denoising is how to remove the noise while keeping the important features of the image. The denoising methods should not alter the original image, most denoising methods degrade or remove the fine details. This paper p(¦)resents an Adaptive Image Denoising IP-core (AIDI) for real time applications. Here core first estimates the level of noise in the input image, then applies an adaptive Gaussian smoothing filter to remove the estimated noise. The filtering parameters are computed on-the-fly, adapting them to the level of noise in the image and pixel by pixel to preserve image information (e.g., edges or corners). The noise estimation in an image is also a key factor since to be more effective, algorithms and denoising filters should be tuned to the actual level of noise. Moreover, the complexity of these algorithms brings a new challenge in real-time image processing applications, requiring high computing capacity. In this context, hardware acceleration is crucial, and Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) best fit the growing demand of computational capabilities.
The architecture uses FPGA, it shows the improvements with respect to a standard static filtering approach.
Keywords:
Gaussian noise, noise estimation, Laplacian operator, noise reduction, edge detection. Adaptive Gaussian filtering, Gaussian noise, denoising.
Abstract
Electrocardiogram Preprocessing Using Weiner Filter & Least Mean Square Algorithm
Laxmi Shetty
Abstract:
Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a method of measuring the electrical activities of heart. Every portion of ECG is very essential for the diagnosis of different cardiac problems. But the amplitude and duration of ECG signal is usually corrupted by different noises like Power Line Interference (PLI) & Baseline Wander. In this paper pre processing stage is performed by denoising these two types of noise involved with real ECG signal. Two methods such as Weiner Filter , least-mean-square (LMS) are applied to remove the noises. For better clarification simulation results are compared in terms of different performance parameters such as, power spectral density (PSD) & SNR. Signal Processing Toolbox built in MATLAB® is used for simulation of performance parameter.
Keywords:
Include at least 4 keywords or phrases.
Abstract
Visible Light Communication using White LEDs for Indoor Wireless Data Transmission
JoslinePriya Dsouza, DayaNaik
Abstract:
Optical wireless communication through visible light has been appreciably explored with the development and widespread use of white light emitting diodes (LED's). This paper, demonstrates a downlink wireless system via visible light communication (VLC) technology using pulse width modulation (PWM) technique. The prototype demonstrates a transmission baud rate of 9600 without data loss at a distance of about 30cm for peer to peer communication system and a transmission baud rate of 9600 without data loss at a distance of about 10 cm for broadcast communication system. Bit error ratio (BER) of 10-6 and 10-3 is achieved respectively.
Keywords:
Optical wireless communication, light emitting diode (LED), visible light communication (VLC), pulse width modulation (PWM).
Abstract
An Extended Visual Cryptography using Simple Block Replacement Method
Mr. Shivaraj H.G.
Abstract:
In this paper the technology of operating an industrial pick and place robot in both manual and automatic manner is proposed. The manual control deals with the DTMF control in which the robotic movements are controlled by using a basic cellphone keypad and the communication is established between controller and the prototype using DTMF tones. The automatic control incorporates color sorting technique using matlab interface for user input. Image processing procedure senses the objects in an image captured in real-time by a webcam and then identifies color and information out of it. This information is processed for pick-and-place mechanism. It aims in classifying the colored objects by colour by picking and placing the objects in its respective pre-programmed place. The input signals are sent to the microcontroller which drives the various motors of the robotic arm to grip the object and place it in the specified location. Based upon the detection, the robotic arm moves to the specified location releases the object and comes back to the original position. Thereby eliminating the monotonous work done by human, achieving accuracy and speed in the work.
Keywords:
Pick and place robots, RF circuits, DTMF tones.
Abstract
Pixel-based Classification of Multispectral Remotely Sensed Data Using Support Vector Machine Classifier
Mahendra H N, Shivakumar B R , Praveen J
Abstract:
Image Classification is an important task within the field of computer vision. Image classification can be defined as processing techniques that apply quantitative methods to the values in a digital yield or remotely sensed scene to group pixels with identical digital number values into feature classes or categories. The categorized data thus obtained may then be employed to create thematic maps of the land cover present in an image. Classification includes Determining an appropriate classification system, selecting training samples, image pre-processing, extracting features, selecting fitting classification approaches, post-classification processing and accuracy assessment. The objective of this study was to evaluate Support Vector Machine for effectiveness and prospects for pixel-based image classification as a modern computational intelligence method. SVM is a classification technique based on kernel methods that has been proved very effective in solving complex classification problems in many different application domains. In the last few years, SVM gained a significant credit also in remote sensing applications. SVMs revealed to be very effective classifiers and currently they are among the most adequate techniques for the analysis of last generation of RS data.
Keywords:
Image classification, Support Vector Machines, Pixel-based, Multispectral, Remote sensing.
Abstract
Breast Cancer Detection Using Opposition Based Support Vector Machine with aid of MFCM
Sachinkumar , Dr. Sarika Tale
Abstract:
This paper presents a tumor detection algorithm from mammogram. The proposed system focuses on the solution of two problems. One is how to detect tumors as suspicious regions with a very weak contrast to their background and another is how to extract features which categorize tumors. The tumor detection method follows the scheme of (a) mammogram enhancement. (b) The segmentation of the tumor area. (c) The extraction of features from the segmented tumor area. (d) The use of SVM classifier with aid of MFCM. The enhancement can be defined as conversion of the image quality to a better and more understandable level. The mammogram enhancement procedure includes filtering, top hat operation, DWT. Then the contrast stretching is used to increase the contrast of the image. The segmentation of mammogram images has been playing an important role to improve the detection and diagnosis of breast cancer. The most common segmentation method used is thresholding. The features are extracted from the segmented breast area. Next stage include, which classifies the regions using the SVM classifier. The method was tested on 75 mammographic images, from the mini -MIAS database. The methodology achieved a sensitivity of 88.75%.
Keywords:
Support vector machine with aid of MFCM, kernel function, separating hyper plane, mammography, contrast stretching, segmentation, image enhancement, discrete wavelet transform.
Abstract
A novel architecture for a DSCDMA-CI transmitter using cordic and its FPGA Implementation
Meghana Shetty, Yuvraj T, Praveen J, Raghavengra Rao R
Abstract:
This paper presents a new approach of designing a DSCDMA-CI Transmitter using the cordic algorithm to generate the carriers whose offset is controlled by the carrier Interferometry (CI) codes. The Architecture thus proposed is reconfigurable, ie the spreading codes can be changed dynamically during the transmission. This design proves better than the traditional DSCDMA transmitters in terms of overall delay, area consumed, complexity and power. The proposed architecture is implemented in SPARTAN 3 FPGA.
Keywords:
CORDIC, BPSK modulator, CI codes , FPGA.
Abstract
Design and Implementation of SDR Transceiver Architecture on FPGA
Shreevani. C, Ashoka. A, Praveen. J, Raghavendra Rao. A
Abstract:
Usage of Software-Defined Radio (SDR) in digital communication systems can easily cater to sophisticated coding and modulation techniques, to meet the ever-increasing requirements of the wireless communication industry. Future generation of wireless communications will meet the requirements of Software Radio technology as it would provide the state-of-art design to complex radio designs. Software-defined radios are configurable devices in which the components can be reprogrammed to emulate various functionalities like data rate, modulation, filtering etc. Field programmable architectures provide a suitable platform to achieve such run-time reconfigurations of the components of the radio. Software defined radios are highly configurable that provide the technology for realizing the rapidly expanding third and future generation digital wireless communication infrastructure. There are a number of silicon alternatives available for implementing the various functions in a SDR, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are an attractive option for many of these tasks for reasons of performance, power consumption and flexibility. The aim of this project is to study and understand SDR using Xilinx [1].
Keywords:
QPSK, Power efficiency, Spectral efficiency, Synchronization.
Abstract
Design of Low Power Flip-Flop with Signal Feed Through Scheme for Counter Design Applications
Haritha Vijayan, Praveen J, Raghavendra Rao A
Abstract:
A low-power flip-flop (FF) design featuring an explicit type pulse-triggered structure and a modified true single phase clock latch based on a signal feed-through scheme is presented. The proposed design successfully solves the long discharging path problem in conventional explicit type pulse-triggered FF (P-FF) designs and achieves better speed and power performance. Based on post-layout simulation results using cadence virtuoso CMOS 180-nm technology, the proposed design outperforms the conventional P-FF design. The proposed design features the best power-delay-product performance in both implicit and explicit type flip flops under comparison. Counters can be designed using such flip flop. As a result power consumption is reduced compared to conventional methods. In this paper, a low power explicit pulse triggered flip flop is discussed as a proper choice of low power applications and comparison with other flip flop architectures.
Keywords:
Flip-flop (FF), low power, pulse-triggered, signal feed through scheme.
Abstract
Implementation of Low Power TPG using LFSR and single input changing generator (SICG) for BIST Application
Namratha M R, Jyothi Pramal, Praveen J, Raghavendra Rao A
Abstract:
A novel test pattern generator which is more suitable for built in self test (BIST) structures used for testing of VLSI circuits. The objective of the BIST is to reduce power dissipation without affecting the fault coverage. A new low power test pattern generator using linear feedback shift register (LFSR), called LP-TPG, and is presented to reduce the average power and peak power of the circuit by reducing the switching activities during test. In this approach, the single input change patterns generated by a counter and a gray code generator are Exclusive-ORed with the seed generated by the low power linear feedback shift register [LP-LFSR]. The proposed scheme is evaluated by using, a synchronous pipelined 4x4 and 8x8 Braun array multipliers. The system-on chip (SoC) approach is adopted for implementation on Xilinx Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). From the implementation results, it is verified that the testing power for the proposed method is reduced by a significant percentage.
Keywords:
BIST, Test Pattern Generator, LFSR, FPGA.
Abstract
Design and Implementation of Universal Modulator using Two- Level Pipelined Cordic Structure
Nandu K H, Mr. Santhosh S, Mr. Praveen J
Abstract:
Different architectures have been proposed for FPGA implementation of Universal Modulator. The Look up table (LUT) technique is one way of realizing universal modulator. Here the CORDIC is used for efficient realization of Universal Modulator. The coordinate rotation digital computer (CORDIC) algorithm is widely used in various technological fields such as digital signal processing (DSP), biomedical signal processing, robotics, communication systems, image processing etc. Due to ease of simple shift and add operations, the use of CORDIC based systems is increasing drastically. The Universal Modulator is used for realizing Amplitude, Frequency and Phase Modulation. The generation of SIN and COS output values will are tested for a given input angle (?) value. The universal modulator will be designed around the CORDIC algorithms which can generate all most all digital modulation schemes such as ASK, PSK, FSK.
Keywords:
Universal Modulator CORDIC, ASK, FSK, PSK, FPGA.
Abstract
Implementation of Digital Circuits Using Reversible Logic
Lakshmy Chandran S, Parveez Shariff B G, Praveen J, Raghavendra Rao A
Abstract:
Reversible logic has presented itself as a prominent technology which plays an imperative role in Quantum Computing. Quantum computing devices theoretically operate at ultra high speed and consume infinitesimally less power. Research done in this paper aims to utilize the idea of reversible logic to break the conventional speed-power trade-off, thereby getting a step closer to realise Quantum computing devices. To authenticate this research, various combinational and sequential circuits are implemented such as a 4-bit Ripple-carry Adder, (8- bit X 8-bit) Wallace Tree Multiplier, and the Control Unit of an 8-bit GCD processor using Reversible gates. The power and speed parameters for the circuits have been indicated, and compared with their conventional non-reversible counterparts. The comparative statistical study proves that circuits employing Reversible logic thus are faster and power efficient. The designs presented in this paper were simulated using Xilinx 9.2 software.
Keywords:
Reversible logic, Quantum Computing, highspeed, less power, speed-power trade-off, Ripple carry adder, Wallace tree multiplier, GCD processor, non-reversible counterparts.
Abstract
Analysis and Design of a New Modified Double-Tail Comparator For High Speed ADC Applications
Shreedevi Subramanya, Praveen J, Raghavendra Rao A
Abstract:
One of the most important analog circuits required in many analog integrated circuits is comparator. It is used for the comparison between two same or different electrical signals. The Comparator design becomes an important issue when design technology is scaled down. Due to the non-linear behavior of threshold voltage (Vt) when design technology is scaled down, performance of Comparator is most affected. Many versions of comparator are proposed to achieve desirable output in sub-micron and deep sub-micron design technologies. The selection of particular topology is dependent upon the requirements and applications of the design. Low power circuit design has emerged as a principal theme in today's electronics industry. In this project comparator architecture their design parameter, study about offset voltage and sources of power and their estimation and reduction technique are discussed. The need for ultra low-power, area efficient and high speed analog-to-digital converters is pushing toward the use of dynamic regenerative comparators to maximize speed and power efficiency. In this project, an analysis on the delay of the dynamic comparators will be presented and analytical expressions are derived. From the analytical expressions, designers can obtain an intuition about the main contributors to the comparator delay and fully explore the tradeoffs in dynamic comparator design. Based on the presented analysis, a new dynamic comparator is proposed, where the circuit of a conventional double-tail comparator is modified for low-power and fast operation even in small supply voltages. Without complicating the design and by adding few transistors, the positive feedback during the regeneration is strengthened, which results in remarkably reduced delay time. Post-layout simulation will be carried out in 180nm CMOS technology using Cadence 6.1.5 version.
Keywords:
ADC (Analog to Digital Converter), CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor), dynamic comparators, Cadence Virtuoso.
Abstract
Low Transition Test Pattern Generation for Minimizing Test Power in VLSI Circuits Using BIST Techniques
Mr. Venkatesh Y C, Mrs. Sushma P S, Mr Praveen J
Abstract:
In the semiconductor manufacturing industry recently remarkable technological developments like, feasibility of millions of transistors and various other components to be integrated on a Chip with enormous packaging options than it is tested by BIST. The role of the BIST circuit is to reduce the cost by reducing the testing interval and the complexity of testing. The power dissipated in a circuit during testing mode is considerably larger than that dissipated in the operational mode. This increase in power dissipated can be recognized to the decreased correlation between the random patterns generated in the test mode. Hence, the idea behind this paper is to design a DFT circuit that will help in decreasing the switching activities in the test mode in order to limit the power dissipation.
Keywords:
Built-In Self-Test, VLSI Testing, LFSR technique, low-power test vector pattern generation.
Abstract
Design of ECG Signal Analysis Module for Arrhythmia Detection and Its Implementation on FPGA
Meghashree S J, Shankar B B, Praveen J, Raghavendra Rao A
Abstract:
Electrocardiogram is an important tool in diagnosing the condition of the heart. Extracting the information from the Electrocardiogram is an important task in determining the variations of the electrical activity of the heart. ECG feature extraction plays a major significant role in diagnosing the most of the cardiac diseases. One among the major cardiac diseases is arrhythmia which is abrupt and abnormal heart beat. In case of arrhythmia heart doesn't pump sufficient blood required for the human body and sudden cardiac death may happen and this can even damage vital organs such as brain, heart, etc. of the body. So it is very much needed to determine conditions of arrhythmia and should take necessary measure before the patient reaches some serious condition. Hence in order to find out arrhythmia ECG signal should be analyzed. Main focus in analyzing the ECG signal involves in finding QRS complex and identifying time and frequency variations. By comparing these with variations in the normal ECG waveform it is possible to conclusion whether the patient is suffering from arrhythmia or not. Results have been verified using a combination of Xilinx and Modelsim softwares.
Keywords:
Arrythmia, ECG, Heart, QRS Complex
Abstract
An Extended Visual Cryptography Scheme Using Balanced Block Replacement Method
Mr. Shivaraj H.G.
Abstract:
In this paper Visual cryptography scheme is a cryptographic technique which allows the information which is visual such as printed text, handwritten notes and images to be encrypted in such a way that its decryption does not require a computer, it can be done by the human visual system. In extended visual cryptography, the meaningful cover images are added to the share images, which provides an opportunity to integrate visual cryptography and biometric security techniques. In this paper, a method has been proposed by using the extended visual cryptography scheme for processing halftone images that improves the quality of the share images and the recovered secret image for which the size of the share images and the recovered image can be preserved as same as that of the original halftone secret image.
Keywords:
Visual cryptography, OR operation, subpixels, BBR.
Abstract
Hardware Implementation of Retinal Image Processing Algorithm on FPGA
Nazia Abdul Majeed, Satheesh Rao
Abstract:
A methodology for implementing real-time DSP applications on a field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) using Xilinx System Generator (XSG) is presented. This paper outlines efficient hardware architecture for detection of exudates in retinal images. The proposed design comprises architecture for Sobel edge detection and segmentation method. The egde map image obtained is enhanced for its perception using contrast stretching. Further the image is segmented to detect the exudates. This design has been implemented on Virtex-II Pro (xc2vp30-7ff896 platform). The code is synthesized within ISE 9.2 development suite. The results obtained via hardware software co-simulation use limited FPGA resources at higher maximum frequency.
Keywords:
XSG, FPGA, Edge detection, Segmentation, Exudates.
Abstract
Modular Architecture for High Speed Packet Classification using SBV Algorithm
Sushanth Anil Lobo, Roshan S Shetty
Abstract:
In network infrastructure packet classification is a core function for various applications which is widely used. Performing wire speed classification is becoming a challenge because of demand in increasing throughput. Performance of packet classification these days depends on rulesets and its characteristics. A high speed packet classification based on Bit-Vector (BV) based architecture implemented on FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) is proposed. StrideBV is the algorithm introduced and BV architecture is modularized to achieve better scalability than BV traditional methods. The solution introduced here is ruleset-feature independent, the performance is mostly guaranteed for any ruleset regardless the ruleset and its composition. The proposed design is implemented in SPARTAN3 or higher devices FPGA by using Xilinx ISE 13.4 and simulated in modelsim 6.3f. The Chipscope pro Analyzer is used to view the execution results of FPGA.
Keywords:
classification, firewall, router, network security, FPGA, networking.
Abstract
Efficient Convolutional Adaptive Viterbi Encoder and Decoder Using Verilog
Sudharani B K, Dhananjay B, Praveen J, Raghavendra Rao A
Abstract:
This Paper presents the design of efficient convolutional encoder and adaptive Viterbi decoder (AVD) with a constraint length, K of 3 and a code rate (k/n) of 1/2 using field programmable gate array (FPGA) technology. The adaptive viterbi decoder with convolutional encoder is a powerful forward error correction technique. This technique is particularly suited to a channel where the transmitted data is corrupted by additive white Gaussian noise. Instead of block codes, convolutional codes are used and these codes are applicable in communication. Viterbi algorithm is a maximum-likelihood algorithm for decoding of convolutional codes and these codes have good correcting capability and perform well on every noisy channel. In this paper viterbi decoder is designed for faster decoding speed and less are routing area. The proposed system is realized using verilog HDL and simulation is done by using modelsim SE 6.4c and Xilinx is used for RTL Design.
Keywords:
Convolutional Encoder, Viterbi Decoder, Verilog HDL, FPGA.
Abstract
Design and Implementation of different types of efficient parallel prefix adders
Mr. Deepak Raj, Mrs.Sahana K Adyanthaya , Prof. Praveen J, Prof. Raghavengra Rao R
Abstract:
In Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) designs, Parallel prefix adders (PPA) have the better delay performance. A parallel prefix adder involves the execution of the operation in parallel which can be obtained by segmentation into smaller pieces. The binary addition is the basic arithmetic operation in digital circuits and it became essential in most of the digital systems including Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU), microprocessors and Digital Signal Processing (DSP). At present, the research continues on increasing the adder's delay performance.In this paper the investigation of four types of PPA's (Kogge Stone Adder (KSA), Spanning Tree Adder (STA), Brent Kung Adder (BKA) and Sparse Kogge Stone Adder (SKA)) is done. Additionally Ripple Carry Adder (RCA), Carry Lookahead Adder (CLA) and Carry Skip Adder (CSA) are also investigated. These adders are implemented in verilog Hardware Description Language (HDL) using Xilinx Integrated Software Environment (ISE) 13.4 Design Suite. The area, delay and power consumed by all types of PPA's are analyzed. The area of the adder design are given in terms of Look Up Tables (LUT's) and Input Output bounds (IOB's). The adder designs are implemented and delay, power and area of all the adders are investigated.
Keywords:
PPA, RCA, CLA, SKA, KSA, BKA, STAFPGA, Delay, Power, Area
Abstract
VLSI Implementation of Built-In Self Repair for Faulty Memory based on the Memory Address
Kiran G Nimbargi, B Ramesh, Praveen J, Raghavendra Rao A
Abstract:
In every application the memory is used to store the data and program etc. Based on the performance and requirement different memories are available. So the memory places almost direct impact on the performance of the application. During fabrication the fault may happen in the memory on the wafer or during use of the memory, due to some external disturbance or heat produced in the IC (Integrated Circuit) the memory may fail to work properly. So the memory testing is necessary even after fabrication and also during working of the memory by the user. If fault is found in the memory then repairing the fault is also important otherwise the application current work has to stop and the replacement of the IC is needed. So the implementation is done using built in self repair technique. Based on the address of each memory locations, if there is any fault in the memory then repairing is done by replacing the faulty memory with spare memories. Pointing the proper address is performed to access the proper data or to read from the memory.
Keywords:
System on Chip (SoC), Built-In Self Repair (BISR), spare memory, Built-In Self Test (BIST)
Abstract
Design And Implementation of 8T SRAM cell for Analysis of DC Noise Margin During Write Operation
Santhosh bg, Sowmya, Praveen J,Raghavengra Rao R
Abstract:
This paper focuses on the DC noise margin analysis and read/write failure analysis of the proposed 8T low power SRAM cell. In the proposed structure two voltage sources, one connected with the Bit line and the other connected with the Bit bar line for reducing the voltage swing during the switching activity. These two extra voltage sources will control the voltage swing on the output node and improve the stability. DC noise margin has been calculated by using loop gain technique and comparison made with that of conventional 6T SRAM justify the efficiency of the superiority of the proposed SRAM structure. Read and Write failure analyses are also done by using Monte-Carlo simulation. Simulation has been done in 65nm CMOS technology with 1 volt of power supply. Analog and schematic simulations have been done in 65nm environment with the help of Microwind3.1 by using BSimM4 model.
Keywords:
CMOS; Dynamic power; DC noise margin; SRAM; Static Noise Margin; Voltage Swing
Abstract
A low power, high speed parity check parallel data search CAM using complimentary search lines
Mr. Sandesh Kumar, Mrs. Prabha Niranjan, Mr. Chethan R.
Abstract:
In all digital systems, memory acts as brain of the system. Any data such as files, audio, video and images are stored in memory in the form of binary digits such as '0's and '1's. Most memory devices store and retrieve data by addressing specific memory locations. Many methods are implemented to search data from memory. A memory that searches data using parallel method called content-addressable memory or CAM. Content addressable memory (CAM) is a type of solid-state memory that access the input data and performs parallel search operations and gives the address of the data. It starts a compare operation by loading search data into the search data register. This search data is then broadcast into the memory banks through pairs of complementary search-lines(SL and SLbar). The parallel comparison done with every bit of the stored words using comparison circuits. Each stored word has a matched line(ML) that convey the comparison result. Address of the matched word obtained at encoder output.
Keywords:
CAM, NOR cell, NAND cell.
Abstract
A low power, high speed parity check parallel data search CAM using complimentary search lines
Mr. Sandesh Kumar, Mrs. Prabha Niranjan, Mr. Chethan R.
Abstract:
In all digital systems, memory acts as brain of the system. Any data such as files, audio, video and images are stored in memory in the form of binary digits such as '0's and '1's. Most memory devices store and retrieve data by addressing specific memory locations. Many methods are implemented to search data from memory. A memory that searches data using parallel method called content-addressable memory or CAM. Content addressable memory (CAM) is a type of solid-state memory that access the input data and performs parallel search operations and gives the address of the data. It starts a compare operation by loading search data into the search data register. This search data is then broadcast into the memory banks through pairs of complementary search-lines(SL and SLbar). The parallel comparison done with every bit of the stored words using comparison circuits. Each stored word has a matched line(ML) that convey the comparison result. Address of the matched word obtained at encoder output.
Keywords:
CAM, NOR cell, NAND cell.
Abstract
Design and FPGA implementation of TDEA using Light Weight Processor based multiprocessing system
Shivaraj B G, Shankar B B , Praveen J, Raghavendra Rao A
Abstract:
Multiprocessors have been widely used in modern high performance embedded system to meet the computational needs of smart, real time applications spread across multiple fields. While custom IPs (Intellectual Property) on FPGA based systems are commonly used, multiprocessing on FPGAs have not been explored enough due to concerns about meeting a right trade-off between area usage, achievable performance, and the required design time. Multiprocessor embedded systems (MESes) are a very promising approach for high performance yet relatively low-cost computing. This paper presents a design and implementation of a multiprocessing system on FPGA using multiple light weight soft processors (LWP) that work in conjunction with a custom hardware to achieve balanced performance to resource ratio. As an example we have implemented a TDEA (Triple Data Encryption Algorithm). Simulation is done by using Xilinx and implementation is done by using FPGA.
Keywords:
Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), TDEA, Processor, Multiprocessing.
Abstract
Two-Factor Authentication Approach for the Security of Highly Confidential Images
Rakshitha
Abstract: This work proposes the novel scheme for two- factor authentication of confidential images using virtual watermarking technique. Here the content owner uses two images that is master image and sub image which are related to each other. In the first phase virtual watermarking is applied on both images and then the master image is encrypted using an encryption key. In the process of virtual watermarking we obtain a index array to which we will append encryption key used for the image encryption. In the next step index array will be compressed and encrypted using another encryption key. In the end encrypted image, encrypted array and encryption key used for the array encryption is transmitted to the receiver. In the receiver side the reverse process takes place and finally obtains the master image and the sub image back. Here the main focus is on lossless compression of the images, both the images are sent to the receiver without any distortion to the image and also receiver will receive the image without any data loss. This project is highly robust against any attacks due to virtual watermarking process because of which the attacker cannot retrieve the image easily.
Keywords: Virtual Watermarking, lossless compression.
Keywords: Virtual Watermarking, lossless compression.
Abstract
Secured AOLSR protocol for ad-hoc networks using modified Dijkstra’s algorithm
Raksha Rao
Abstract:
Now a days MANETS i.e Mobile Ad-hoc networks is used everywhere all over the world because of its various advantages like portability, reliability, security etc. The main advantage of using this network is a person can contact another person from any place at any point of time. It is not restricted like point to point networks. It is always very important to design well ordered, energy efficient, cost effective, safety etc. In this paper a protocol named Advanced Optimized Link State Routing Protocol is proposed, it uses modified Dijkstra's algorithm as its main logic to find routes in dense networks. This protocol uses appropriate functions which uses weights of link and nodes to find out about the nature of paths whether it is node-disjoint or link-disjoint. Some assumptions are made and analysis is conducted and results are found. The paper tells about characteristics network node and vertex lifetimes, scalability etc.
Keywords:
Dynamic source routing (DSR); Mobile ad hoc network (MANET); Optimized link state routing (OLSR), Advanced Optimized link state routing protocol;
Abstract
Diabetic Retinopathy using Computer Vision
Netra Yaradoni, Manjunath R Raikar
Abstract:
Hyperglycemia and diabetes result in vascular complications, most particularly diabetic retinopathy (DR). The prevalence of DR is increasing and is a most important cause of blindness and visual impairment in developed countries. Current methods of detecting, screening, and monitoring DR are based on subjective human evaluation, which is also slow and time-consuming. As a result, initiation and progress monitoring of DR is clinically hard. Computer vision methods are developed to separate and detect two of the most common DR functions-dot hemorrhages (DH) and exudates. Diabetic retinopathy, an eye disorder caused by diabetes, is the main cause of blindness. This may result in an unprecedented number of persons becoming blind unless diabetic retinopathy can be detected early. Hence here we are trying to detect all potential exudate regions in a fundus image of format .png. And the algorithm counts the number of pixels present in the area of potential Exudates. And also we are trying to detect the position of all size Dot hemorrhages and count the same. And the algorithm places circle around all the detected smaller and larger size Dot hemorrhages to visualize the presence of smaller and larger size Dot hemorrhages.
Keywords:
Fundus Images, Hemorrhages, Exudate Image Processing, Diabetic Retinopathy.
Abstract
Mobile Based Location Prediction for Moving Objects
Ranjini K
Abstract:
This paper mainly aims to provide the location related information about the target to the tracker with the help of Short Message Service. The two main techniques used in this paper are SMS and GPS.SMS is a user-pay service. So we should not use it extensively.GPS is used because of its high positioning accuracy. It can provide the correct location information with minimum error. The method used to track the position of a target is known as Location Based Delivery. This mobile based application not only reduces the number os SMS transmissions but also maintaining a location tracking accuracy with acceptable range. The three main features used in this method are SMS delivery, location prediction and dynamic threshold. Another secondary feature includes a viewing Map. Location prediction module is built on both the tracker and the target. Dynamic threshold is another feature which will reduce the number of short message transmissions. We are dynamically adjusting the threshold value according to the moving speed of the vehicle in real time. So this dynamic threshold module is coming in target side. this paper can be used to track the location of buses. Once the location information is obtained, this information is sent to the tracker through SMS.
Keywords:
Global positioning system (GPS), Short Message Service (SMS), Location Based Delivery(LBD).Mobile Phones, Location tracking, Prediction Algorithms.
Abstract
For Mobile and Pervasive Computing Providing Efficient Authentication
Sreekanth. K
Abstract:
With today's technology, many applications rely on the existence of small devices that can exchange information and form communication networks. In a significant portion of such applications, the confidentiality and integrity of the communicated messages are of particular interest. In this work, we propose two novel techniques for authenticating short encrypted messages that are directed to meet the requirements of mobile and pervasive applications. By taking advantage of the fact that the message to be authenticated must also be encrypted, we propose provably secure authentication codes that are more efficient than any message authentication code in the literature. The key idea behind the proposed techniques is to utilize the security that the encryption algorithm can provide to design more efficient authentication mechanisms, as opposed to using standalone authentication primitives.
Keywords:
Authentication, unconditional security, computational security, universal hash-function families, pervasive computing.
Abstract
Detection of Malicious Packet Dropping in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks Based on Privacy-Preserving Public Auditing
Bhagyashree S., Prof. Anand S Uppar
Abstract:
Security is one of the most important issues that have attracted a lot of research and development effort in past few years. In multi-hop wireless ad hoc network link error and malicious packet dropping are two sources for packet losses. Whether the losses are caused by link errors only, or by the combined effect of link errors and malicious drop are to be identified, can be known by observing a sequence of packet losses in the network. But in the insider-attack case, whereby malicious nodes that are part of the route exploit their knowledge of the communication context to selectively drop a small amount of packets critical to the network performance. Conventional algorithms that are based on detecting the packet loss rate cannot achieve satisfactory detection accuracy because the packet dropping rate in this case is comparable to the channel error rate. Hence to improve the detection accuracy, the correlations between lost packets is identified. The technique called Homomorphic linear authenticator (HLA) based public auditing architecture is developed that allows the detector to verify the truthfulness of the packet loss information reported by nodes. This technique provides privacy preserving, collusion proof, and incurs low communication and storage overheads. A packet-block based mechanism is also proposed, to reduce the computation overhead of the baseline scheme, which allows one to trade detection accuracy for lower computation complexity.
Keywords:
Homomorphic linear authenticator, Auditing, AES.
Abstract
A Review Paper on RASP Data Perturbation for Confidential and Efficient Queries in the Cloud
Jayalakshmi S, Harish kunder
Abstract:
Cloud computing is an emerging technology, Privacy and confidentiality has become the major concern in the public cloud. Data owners do not want to move their data to the cloud until and unless the confidentiality and the query privacy are preserved. On the other hand a secured query services should provide efficient query processing and reduce the in-house workload to get the total benefit of cloud computing. This paper presents a Random space perturbation method to provide secure and efficient range query and K nearest neighbor query services for protecting data in the cloud. The RASP data perturbation method combines order preserving encryption, dimensionality expansion, random noise injection, and random projection, to provide strong resilience to attacks on the perturbed data and queries. The kNN-R algorithm is designed to work with the RASP range query algorithm to process the kNN queries.
Keywords:
Privacy, Confidentiality, Range query, Knn query.
Abstract
An Efficient and Secure System for Cloud Transactions using Policy Based Access Control Mechanism
Lingaraja A J
Abstract:
Consider a distributed file storage system having several servers and storages in different locations deployed over the cloud. A file can be uploaded to the nearest server where an authorized user is located and other authorized users can download the file from the same location. When a user tries to access the file from a different location, the nearest server has to fetch the latest version of the file from the original server, save it in its local storage and allow the requested user to access that file. But the same file is now stored in more than one place and hence the consistency problem arises. In this paper, this issue is addressed and resolved by the use of authorization policies to protect data from unauthorized access and an auditing strategy that checks whether the file is consistent among all the servers and ensures that the user gets the latest version of the file. Third party auditor is used for this purpose. Apart from consistency, the system also provides an attribute based access control to provide better security with policy management system.
Keywords:
Distributed file storage, cloud databases, authorization policies, consistency, third party auditing.
Abstract
Efficient Sharing of Data over Cloud by Public-Key Encryption Using KAC technique
Prithviraj, Arundhati Nelli
Abstract:
Cloud storage is a model of data storage where the digital data is stored. Cloud provides a suitable infrastructure for storing and accessing our sensitive data. It also facilitates the service for storing and managing the data remotely through internet. The data can be effectively shared with other users over the cloud. The public-key cryptosystem is uses asymmetric key cryptography and also provides a better way of sharing of files. The secret key is the one which is kept as secret by the data owner. These secret keys can be aggregated to form a single key, called as aggregate key. We can say that, the data owner can release the constant-size aggregate key for the set of cipher text classes. User can have access to those set of files by using a single aggregate key. The files, which are outside the set, will remain confidential.
Keywords:
Data sharing, public-key cryptosystem, Aggregate key.
Abstract
Dynamic resource provisioning over cloud for revenue maximization
Mangala Kini B , Mr. Stanley Dsouza
Abstract:
Cloud computing promises on-demand provisioning of resource to applications and services. In cloud computing, a provider leases its computing resources in the form of virtual machines to users, and a price is charged for the period they are used. Static pricing is the dominant pricing strategy in today's market but dynamic pricing helps to improve the revenue. The main challenge is to design an optimal dynamic pricing policy, to maximize the long-term revenue. Here adaptive increment approach will be used for revenue maximization problem with dynamic pricing as well as dynamic provisioning. The aim is to understand from a Cloud Computing company's perspective, how decisions about the pricing and the optimal allocation of the given resources for the various Cloud Services can be supported.
Keywords:
Dynamic resource Provisioning, Dynamic Pricing, Adaptive Incremental Approach, Spot Markets.
Abstract
Towards Secure and Consistency Dependable in Large Cloud Systems
Sahana M S, Chanchal Antony
Abstract:
Cloud storage services have become very popular due to their well security, availability and cost effective. To provide presence always-on access, a cloud service provider (CSP) maintains several replicas for each piece of data on geographically distributed servers. A key problem of using the replication Technique in clouds is that it is very expensive and crude to achieve strong consistency on everywhere. So first present a causal consistency as a service (CaaS) model, which consists of a large data cloud and several small audit clouds. In the CaaS model, a data cloud is maintained by a CSP, that constitute an audit cloud can verify whether the data cloud provides the promised level of consistency or not. So propose a two-level auditing, which only requires a loosely synchronized clock in the audit cloud. Then design different algorithms to quantify the seriousness of violations with two metrics: the commonality of violations, and the staleness of the value of a read. Finally, a heuristic auditing strategy (HAS) method is used to reveal as many violations as possible.
Keywords:
Two level auditing, CaaS model, commonality, staleness, heuristic auditing strategy (HAS), cloud storage.
Abstract
A Clustering Algorithm for Intrusion Detection using Hybrid Data Mining Technique
Vibha Rao
Abstract:
Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is a becoming a necessary component of any network in today's world of Internet. It is an important detection that is used as a countermeasure to preserve data integrity and system availability from attacks. The main reason for using data mining classification method for Intrusion Detection System is due to the enormous volume of existing and newly appearing network data that require processing. Data mining is the best option for handling such type of data. This paper focuses on a hybrid approach for intrusion detection system (IDS) based on data mining techniques. Clustering analysis is required to improve the detection rate and decrease the false alarm rate. Most of the previously proposed methods suffer from the low detection rate and high false alarm rate. This paper uses hybrid data mining approach that contains feature selection, filtering, clustering, divide and merge and clustering ensemble. The IDS with clustering ensemble is introduced for the effective identification of attacks to achieve high accuracy and detection rate as well as low false alarm rate.
Keywords:
Intrusion detection system;datamining;false alaram rate; KDD CUP99 data set;detection rate.
Abstract
Face & Facial Expression Recognition Using Combinational Techniques
Megha D. Hegde, Sayeesh
Abstract:
A facial recognition system is a computer application for automatically identifying or verifying a person from a digital image or a video frame from a video source. One of the ways to do this is by comparing selected facial features from the image and a facial database. In this project intend to develop a new robust system for Facial expression recognition using three sub-space techniques, namely Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Independent Component Analysis (ICA), Local Binary Pattern (LBP), and along with the combination of the score value of all the above techniques for better results . The system developed would perform Facial expression recognitions. The six major expressions considered are anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness and surprise. Given an input facial image using various techniques the facial features are extracted and its score level is noted and finally Score level of each technique are integrated to develop a new robust facial expression recognition system.
Keywords:
PCA, LBP, ICA, Feature extraction, Score level fusion.
Abstract
Efficient and Trustworthy Data Transmission over Wireless Sensor Networks
Girijalaxmi, Mr.Vasudev S
Abstract:
In the past few years trustworthy transmission of data along with efficiency is a critical issue for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Clustering is an effectual and convenient way to enhance performance of the WSNs system. This thesis presents a secure transmission of data for cluster-based WSNs (CWSNs), where the clusters are formed dynamically and sporadically. By making use of two Efficient and Trustworthy data Transmission (ETT) protocols for CWSNs, called ETT-IBS and ETT-IBOOS, by means of the Identity-Based digital Signature (IBS) scheme and the Identity-Based Online/Offline digital Signature (IBOOS) scheme, correspondingly. In ETT-IBS, security relies on the hardness of the Diffie-Hellman problem in the pairing area. ETT-IBOOS additionally decreases the computational operating cost for protocol security, which is critical for WSNs, while its defence depends on the stability of the problem of discrete logarithm.
Keywords:
Cluster-based WSN, Cluster-Head, ID-based digital signature, ID-based online/offline digital signature.
Abstract
Achieving a mechanism for detecting malicious nodes using Secure Acknowledgment (S-ACK)
ManojAithal S ,Hemanth Kumar N.P
Abstract:
Wireless communication represents a major industrial stake in the coming years. The mobility and scalability brought by wireless network made it possible in many applications. It targets applications in harsh environments such as war zones, emergency recovery, power plants and warships etc. MANETs is one among the wireless technology which is widely used. MANETs does not need any pre-configurations or permanent network architecture or infrastructure compared to wired technology. The wireless links between the nodes together with the dynamic-network nature of ad hoc network, increases the challenges of design and implement intrusion detection during the attacks. The intrusion detection system is achieved through a mechanism calledSecure Acknowledgment(S-ACK) which is more elegant than watchdog.
Keywords:
Mobile Ad hoc NETWORK (MANET), Watchdog, Secure Acknowledgment(S-ACK),Digital Signature.
Abstract
VBS: A Technique to Improve Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks
Prashanth Kumar, Vidya
Abstract:
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are important in almost all applications which provide longer and low-cost supervising and motivating. In WSN applications, batteries are the main source of energy for sensor nodes where saving energy becomes more tedious. Today, almost every applications of WSN require sensor nodes which are unused to achieve fault tolerance and Quality of Service (QoS) during sensing. Similarly, the same unused nodes may not be necessary for multiple node communication because of the fewer loads in the traffic and the firm wireless links. This thesis presents a novel sleep-scheduling technique called Virtual Backbone Scheduling (VBS). VBS designed for WSNs consists of sensor nodes which are redundant. VBS forms multiple overlapped backbones which work alternatively to prolong the lifetime of the network. Here backbone sensor nodes only forwards the traffic, while rest of the sensor nodes turns off its radios to save energy. The alternative working of multiple backbones ensures that the entire network energy is distributed among all sensor nodes is balanced and thus a longer network lifetime can obtained against the existing techniques. Maximum Lifetime Backbone Scheduling (MLBS) is formulated as the scheduling problem of VBS. Approximation algorithms based on the Schedule Transition Graph (STG) and Virtual Scheduling Graph (VSG) is proposed. Theoretical analysis and simulation studies verify that VBS is superior to the existing techniques.
Keywords:
Sensor nodes, WSN, VSB, STG, VSG.
Abstract
Secure file sharing technique on cloud storage using an aggregate-key
Mr. Sharan L Pais, Mr. Shrikanth N G
Abstract:
An important functionality of cloud storage is data sharing. Secure and efficient data sharing is the main aspect. Cloud storage can provide strong protection, good reliability and accessibility, disaster recovery, and lowest cost. On cloud storage anyone can share data as much they want to i.e. only selected content can be shared. Cryptography helps the data owner to share the data in a safer way. So user encrypts data and uploads on server. Aggregate key cryptosystem produces a constant size key such that efficient delegation of decryption rights for any file is possible in a secure manner. Here a public-key cryptosystem is used, which generates a public key which is used to decrypt the file. But the public is aggregated with one more key. The difference is one can collect a set of secret keys and make them as small size as a single key with holding the same ability to decrypt the file securely. This compact aggregate key can be efficiently sent to the clients or to be stored in a smart card with little secure storage.
Keywords:
Aggregate key, data sharing, Encryption, Decryption, secret key.
Abstract
Oruta: Ensuring Data Integrity and Public Assessment for Shared Data in the Cloud
Mr. Joshil, Mrs. Rasheeda Z Khan
Abstract:
The data is not only stored in the cloud but also can be shared across multiple users with the help of cloud storage services. Wherein, Public data is shared among multiple users but to preserve the Data Integrity is a challenge. In this paper, we propose shared public auditing and preserve the Data Integrity stored in the cloud. On our mechanism, We are going to securely increase the privacy level of the confidential data in a way so that the data is cannot be easily extracted from the Hacker or any unknown user and also we get the help from the TPA (Third Party Auditor), wherein it stores the unique key and using this it is encrypted and stored but the cloud user will be unaware of it. Only the public data is shared among various users in the cloud.
Keywords:
Data Integrity, Shared Public Auditing, Hacker.
Abstract
Secret Sharing and Node Mobility in UWSN
Parashakthi S
Abstract:
In recent years, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been a very popular research topic which helps in networking, hardware, security and application-related problems. In this paper we focus on Mobile Unattended Wireless Sensor Networks (MUWSNs), nodes sense the environment and store the acquired data until the arrival of a trusted data sink. In this paper, we address the fundamental issue of quantifying to which extent secret sharing schemes, combined with nodes mobility, can help in assuring data availability and confidentiality. Secret sharing and node mobility can help in assuring data security using local communications only, and understanding how to set system parameters to achieve the desired trade-off between confidentiality and availability. We provide accurate analytical results binding the fraction of the network accessed by the sink and the adversary to the amount of information they can successfully recover. Extensive simulations support our findings.
Keywords:
Mobile Unattended Wireless Sensor Networks (MUWSNs); Unattended Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSN); privacy, metrics, mobility models.
Abstract
Ultimate Disguised Computing Its Variability and Challenges.
Edvina Crasto, Chithra, Rama Moorthy H
Abstract:
The main goal of Ubiquitous computing is that it enhances computer use by making many computers available throughout the physical environment, as well as making them effectively invisible to the user. Mobile computing and pervasive computing briefs the major evolutionary steps in the field of research during the mid-1970s. Through the interconnected devices and services, pervasive computing promises seamless integration of digital infrastructure into our day to day lives. Now the focus of current research is on how to connect new devices and build useful applications to enhance functionality, the security and privacy issues in these environments have not been explored in any depth. While traditional distributed computing research tries to abstract away physical location of resources and users, pervasive computing applications often exploit physical location as well as other context information of users and resources to enrich the user experience. In this paper we have discussed about the challenges in computer systems research posed by the emerging field of pervasive computing. Initially it compares the relationship of this new field to its predecessors: distributed systems and mobile computing.
Keywords:
Ubicomp, Teleporting, UNL.
Abstract
Privacy Preserving Data Aggregation that avoids malicious modification of sensor data
Prajna Mayadi, Chinmai Shetty
Abstract:
Wireless sensor network consists of a huge number of tiny electromechanical sensor devices that are capable of sensing, computing and communicating. These electromechanical sensor devices can be made use for gathering sensory information, like measurement of temperature from an extensive geographical area. Many features of the wireless sensor networks have given rise to challenging problems. Sensor nodes are deployed in open hostile environment in WSN applications. An adversary can easily compromise sensor nodes due to their unattended nature. Adversaries can inject false data reports into the WSN through compromised nodes. The false data reports lead the en-route nodes and the base station to make false decision. False decision depletes the energy of en-route nodes and the base station.
Keywords:
WSN, sensor nodes, aggregator.
Abstract
Cost proficient clouds for enquiry services
Santosh Chidambar Deshpande
Abstract: Cloud computing as a developing technology drift is expected to restructure the advances in information technology. In a cost-proficient cloud location, a user can bear a certain degree of interruption while retrieving information from the cloud to reduce costs. In this paper, we address two important concerns in such an location: discretion and proficiency. We analyze a remote keyword based data retrieval system that was introduced by Ostrovsky. Their system allows a user to retrieve data of interest from an untrusted third party without leaking any information. The disadvantage is that it will cause a thick inquiring overhead acquired on the cloud and thus goes against the original purpose of cost proficiency. In this paper, we present three effective information retrieval for graded inquiry systems to decrease inquiring overhead incurred on the cloud. In, effective information retrieval for graded inquiry system inquiries are categorized into many grades, where a higher graded inquiry can retrieve a higher percentage of matched data. A user can retrieve data on demand by choosing inquiries of dissimilar grades. This feature is beneficial when there are a large number of matched data, but the user only needs a small subsection of them. Under different limitation settings, wide spread appraisals have been conducted on both analytical models and on a real cloud location, in order to examine the efficiency of our systems.
Keywords: cloud computing, budget adeptness, discrepancy interrogation amenities, discretion.
Keywords: cloud computing, budget adeptness, discrepancy interrogation amenities, discretion.
Abstract
A Service Level Agreement based Implementation of Security in Distributed Storage System
Shruthi Shetty J, Manjunath Kotari
Abstract: The concept of Distributed Storage System (DSS) on to the Computing systems nowadays has a wide range of usage and applications. The most important criteria with regard to the storage are security, i.e ensuring the correctness of the data stored by the customers. Data which has to be distributed across multiple networks are most probably vulnerable to various attacks by number of malicious elements. Security in distributed Storage Systems is adopted by Cryptographic splitting the data through Service Level Agreement (SLA) layer. An SLA is a formal contract base, which guarantees that consumers needed services and the quality expectation of obtained services can be achieved.SLA is considered as the legal foundation for the customers from the service provider for the service delivery. The parties involved with SLA are users of SLA. Data is split using some adaptive algorithm like Rijndahl algorithm, which is the winner algorithm of Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). The split data is stored in different distributed storage systems where counter measures are to be taken to get the complete data, since the data is encrypted using an algorithm when it is stored in the different storage systems. The proposed system also considers the Trusted Third Party (TTP) who is not the owner of the data, still manages to secure the data stored in the Distributed Storage System. When there is the constraint on storage space in personal PC’s of Individuals, governments sectors and private institutions such as banks, Insurance companies, hospitals and other business enterprises will only consider to store their secrets to a computer system if they can be absolutely certain of confidentiality. Hence this method provides complete security on the confidential data.
Keywords: DSS, SLA, Rijndael, TTP, Security.
Keywords: DSS, SLA, Rijndael, TTP, Security.
Abstract
A Probabilistic model for visual cryptography
Shweta Dodamani
Abstract: The visual cryptography (VC) is a secret sharing scheme where a secret image is encrypted into transparencies, by using bit slice algorithm and if stacking of any t out of n transparencies reveals the secret image. If lesser number of transparencies chosen then its not possible to revel the secret.
Keywords: contrast, secret sharing, visual cryptography
Keywords: contrast, secret sharing, visual cryptography
Abstract
Enhanced Group Key Management in Mobile Adhoc Networks
Shruthi Karuru
Abstract: Mobile adhoc network (MANET) is an integration of nodes where a node can be sender, recipient or relay and may be unaware until they come in contact with each other. Communication in such a network should be secured as topology, bandwidth, network size, resources etc. changes. The core aspect of establishing secured communication can be done with the help of authentication check by exchanging keys. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for group key management scheme by simple rekeying technique on frequent scalable and high mobility nodes.
Keywords: Group key management (GKM); Mobile ad hoc network (MANET); rekeying approach;
Keywords: Group key management (GKM); Mobile ad hoc network (MANET); rekeying approach;
Abstract
A novel approach Using acknowledgement for highly efficient secured intrusion -detection system for MANETS
Kavyashree G M
Abstract: A wireless network is method by which homes, telecommunications network and business enterprise installations, avoid the costly process of introducing the cables or connection between various equipment locations. Mobile ad hoc networks are an infrastructure less internet protocol based network. The absence of centralized firewall and distributed nature of operation of nodes make MANETS vulnerable to malicious attacks. In this case, it is crucial to develop efficient intrusion-detection mechanisms to protect MANET from attacks. With the improvements of the technology and cut in hardware costs, we are witnessing a current trend of expanding MANETs into industrial applications. To adjust to such trend, it is vital to address its potential security issues. In this paper, we propose and implement a new intrusion-detection system named Enhanced Adaptive Acknowledgment (EAACK) specially designed for MANETs. Compared to contemporary approaches, EAACK demonstrates higher malicious behavior detection rates in certain circumstances while does not greatly affect the network performances.
Keywords: Digital signature, digital signature algorithm (DSA), Enhanced Adaptive Acknowledgment (AACK) (EAACK), Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET).
Keywords: Digital signature, digital signature algorithm (DSA), Enhanced Adaptive Acknowledgment (AACK) (EAACK), Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET).
Abstract
An Approach for Adaptive Load Balancing using Centralized Load Scheduling in Distributed Systems
Merlyn Melita Mathias, Manjunath Kotari
Abstract: With the advances in technology, faster growth in the use of computer systems has led to increase in the applications that share the resources there by increasing the amount of load .As the demand for resource sharing applications is grown, load balancing approach has become a necessity factor. In a distributed network, the overall performance of the system depends on the effective division of the workload among all the available set of processing nodes.
Load balancing is an approach in which the redistribution of load takes place equally among the set of processing nodes in the system. The main objective is to improve the overall performance there by obtaining the best job response time. In general, classification of load balancing algorithms is done into two major types called static and dynamic. In dynamic, the decentralized approach suffers from the communication overhead because of the exchange of information frequently among the processors. In the existing centralized node based load balancing technique, the workload is assigned randomly to the processing nodes. Once allocated, load balancing conditions is checked at every processing node and the job migration is involved.
A centralized node based load scheduling and balancing approach is proposed to overcome the limitations of existing centralized load balancing technique by allocating the random arrival of load among the processing nodes based on FCFS (First Come First Served) scheduling algorithm taking into consideration the current status of every processing node. Here, the load balancing conditions are checked only by the central node to overcome the overhead on the processing nodes. In this approach the transfer of job from one node to another is not done in order to overcome the migration overhead and concentrate much on executing jobs rather than transferring. This job scheduling policy is adaptive that considers the dynamic changes in the system and accordingly schedules and balances the load.
Keywords: Load Balancing, Distributed systems, FCFS, Migration, Communication Overhead, Response Time
Load balancing is an approach in which the redistribution of load takes place equally among the set of processing nodes in the system. The main objective is to improve the overall performance there by obtaining the best job response time. In general, classification of load balancing algorithms is done into two major types called static and dynamic. In dynamic, the decentralized approach suffers from the communication overhead because of the exchange of information frequently among the processors. In the existing centralized node based load balancing technique, the workload is assigned randomly to the processing nodes. Once allocated, load balancing conditions is checked at every processing node and the job migration is involved.
A centralized node based load scheduling and balancing approach is proposed to overcome the limitations of existing centralized load balancing technique by allocating the random arrival of load among the processing nodes based on FCFS (First Come First Served) scheduling algorithm taking into consideration the current status of every processing node. Here, the load balancing conditions are checked only by the central node to overcome the overhead on the processing nodes. In this approach the transfer of job from one node to another is not done in order to overcome the migration overhead and concentrate much on executing jobs rather than transferring. This job scheduling policy is adaptive that considers the dynamic changes in the system and accordingly schedules and balances the load.
Keywords: Load Balancing, Distributed systems, FCFS, Migration, Communication Overhead, Response Time
Abstract
Securing SSO using Symmetric Encryption Technique for Distributed Network (Securing SSO in Distributed Network)
M Durga Prasanna, Ms Roopa S R
Abstract: Single sign-on (SSO) is a session/user authentication process that permits a user to enter one name and password in order to access multiple applications. The process authenticates the user for all the applications they have been given rights to and eliminates further prompts when they switch applications during a particular session. Unforgeability, credential privacy, and soundness are the basic requirements of any SSO scheme. Chang and Lee proposed new SSO scheme and claimed its security by providing well organized security arguments. But their scheme is actually insecure as it fails to meet credential privacy and soundness of authentication. Specifically, their scheme suffers from two severe attacks. The first attack allows a malicious service provider, who has successfully communicated with a legal user twice, to recover the user’s credential and then to impersonate the user to access resources and services offered by other service providers. In another attack, i.e. an outsider attack, by an unauthorized or illegitimate user of the system may be able to enjoy network services freely by impersonating any legal user or a nonexistent user. So to overcome these drawbacks, we propose an improvement to Chang and Lee SSO scheme by making use of efficient symmetric key encryption technique of SERPENT key signatures.
Keywords: Authentication, authorization, distributed computer networks, information security, single sign-on (SSO).
Keywords: Authentication, authorization, distributed computer networks, information security, single sign-on (SSO).
Abstract
Cell Density based Traffic Information System on Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks
Saranya Balaram, Janardhana.K
Abstract: Vanet is an upcoming interesting domain over the last few years.It is gaining popularity due to wide variety of interesting applications .The rapid increase of vehicular traffic and congestion on the highways become a nuisance for the safe and efficient movement of traffic. Consequently the rate of car accidents began to increase in most of the countries.Therefore this paper presents a new system in which accidents and congestion can be avoided and helps the people to reach the destination safely.
Keyword: - Infrastructure less traffic estimation,Vanets cell density,Vehicular ad hoc network.
Keyword: - Infrastructure less traffic estimation,Vanets cell density,Vehicular ad hoc network.
Abstract
Fuzzy Logic Based Assessment of Periodic Variation of Water Quality of Nethravathi River in Dakshina Kannada District
Shelton Rainer Pinto
Abstract: The decision-making using comparison of stream water quality prescribed limits with various water quality indices has been developed to integrate water quality variables. This approach has few drawbacks such as some parameters in the index equations can influence the final score of WQI dramatically without valid scientific justification. There are limitations on which a wrong decision can be taken as it is dependent on the fix weight age assigned to different parameters, where as the weight age should be varied on the basis of season, rainfall, ambient temperature and other environmental factors. These indices are lacking to deal with uncertainties involved at various steps indecision-making. One way of avoiding the difficulty in uncertainty handling in water quality assessment is to introduce a margin of safety or degree of precaution before applying a single value to quality standards as the same technique was also used by other workers in the field of environmental sciences. These methodologies based on fuzzy sets theory are tested with real environmental problems to handle the uncertainty in imprecise environment in decision- making tools. It is proposed that methods based on fuzzy sets theory can be applied to deal with the uncertainties in the decision-making on the stream water quality, keeping the importance of uncertainty handling in the water quality assessment and versatility of the fuzzy set theory in the decision-making in the imprecise environment. In this project, we propose the fuzzy set theory for decision-making in the assessment of physico-chemical quality of Nethravathi River of Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka.
Keywords: Fuzzy logic; Membership ; Linguistic variable; Fuzzification
Keywords: Fuzzy logic; Membership ; Linguistic variable; Fuzzification
Abstract
Comparative Study on Effect of Aspect Ratio on Performance of Steel Frame Structure with and without infill using Pushover Analysis
Kiran Kamath, Shruthi
Abstract: This paper focuses on the effect of different aspect ratios i.e. H/B ratio, where H is the total height of the building frame and B is the base width of the building frame, on the seismic performance of the steel frame structure with and without infill. Here, height of the building is kept constant and the base width is varied. In the present study, seven different aspect ratios ranging from 1.0 to 3.75 have been considered for the ten storey steel frame building. Two types of frames are considered for the study, one with similar steel sections for maximum strength required for beam and column and the other with varying steel sections conforming to the strength and serviceability requirements to withstand the specified loading. For this analytical study, ETABS is used and the comparison between the performances of frames with different aspect ratios is made using pushover curves and performance point. It is found that the presence of infill stiffness contributes significantly to the performance of the structure compared to bare frame.
Keywords: Aspect Ratio, Pushover analysis, Steel Frame, Type 1 section, Type 2 section.
Keywords: Aspect Ratio, Pushover analysis, Steel Frame, Type 1 section, Type 2 section.
Abstract
Effect of fly ash and steel fibres on shrinkage properties of self-compacting concrete: A review
Sabyath P. Shetty, Gopinatha Nayak, Kiran K. Shetty
Abstract: This paper provides a systematic literature review of publications relating to the effect of incorporating fly ash and steel fibres on the shrinkage of self-compacting concrete (SCC). It identifies various influencing aspects related to the use of fly ash and steel fibres such as replacement level of fly ash, class of fly ash, dosage of steel fibres, type and aspect ratio of steel fibres. It concludes with a look to the future, including research needs to be addressed.
Abstract
A Study on Effect of Fineness of Quarry Dust on Compressive Strength of Concrete
Thushar T.P , Dr.K.Balakrishna Rao
Abstract: River sand has been the most popular choice for the fine aggregate component of concrete in the past, but overuse of the material has led to environmental concerns. In the current study effect of variation of fineness modulus of quarry dust for varying percentage replacement of river sand by it on the compressive strength of concrete are studied. Tests were carried on mortar cubes to study mortar compressive strength and on concrete specimens. Two basic mixes M20 and M25 were considered in the study. Tests indicate the relation between variations of compressive strength with the fineness of quarry dust.
Abstract
Mechanically Operated Stair Climbing Wheelchair
Sandeep Joshi
Abstract: “STAIR CLIMBING WHEEL CHAIR”, the project aims at designing a wheelchair capable of climbing staircases with manual effort. This project is inspired by many projects done earlier on the concept of climbing stairs by wheelchair , but the modifications we are planning to do are; (i) Simpler operation mechanism, the motion of the wheelchair is operated mechanically.
(ii) Reduction in the overall cost.
(iii) Use of worm gear for the rotation of the shaft.
The main conceptual elements that have been proposed to improve this idea are mainly to simplify the mechanism and make it work using human effort. The conceptual design, preliminary design, are being done and explained in the report. The report also contains about materials to be used and design aspects and constraints that we have to keep in mind while designing. Some of the drawings relating to our project are drawn. The model of wheelchair which helped us in getting an idea of this project are shown in the project.
Keywords: worm gear, shaft, nubs, chain, handle.
(ii) Reduction in the overall cost.
(iii) Use of worm gear for the rotation of the shaft.
The main conceptual elements that have been proposed to improve this idea are mainly to simplify the mechanism and make it work using human effort. The conceptual design, preliminary design, are being done and explained in the report. The report also contains about materials to be used and design aspects and constraints that we have to keep in mind while designing. Some of the drawings relating to our project are drawn. The model of wheelchair which helped us in getting an idea of this project are shown in the project.
Keywords: worm gear, shaft, nubs, chain, handle.
Abstract
Providing Hop by Hop Message Authentication and Source Privacy in Wireless Sensor Networks
Malashree
Abstract:
Message authentication is an effective mechanism, used to authenticate the messages in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Wireless Sensor Network consists of a large number of sensor nodes. Each sensor node knows its location in the sensor domain and is capable of communicating with its neighboring nodes directly using geographic routing. Many message authentication schemes are based on either symmetric-key cryptosystems or public-key cryptosystems. An existing system like polynomial based scheme authenticate the message based on threshold value, this is a problem of existing system because only limited number messages are authenticated. Proposing a new Source Anonymous Message authentication (SAMA) is a scalable authentication scheme based on elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) is used to allow any node to transmit and authenticate an unlimited number of messages without suffering the threshold problem and provides message source privacy.
Keywords:
Hop by hop message Authentication, elliptic curve cryptography, WSN, SAMA, MES.
Abstract
Early Detection and Classification of Pests Using Image Processing
Sreelakshmi M, Padmanayana
Abstract:
Early pest detection is a major challenge in agriculture field. The easiest way, to control the pest infection is the use of pesticides. But the excessisive use of pesticides are harmful to plants, animals as well as human beings. Integrated pest management combines biological and physical methods to prevent pest infection. The techniques of machine vision and digital image Processing are extensively applied to agricultural science and it have great perspective especially in the plant protection field, which ultimately leads to crops management. This paper deals with a new type of early detection of pests system. Images of the leaves affected by pests are acquired by using a digital camera. The leaves with pest images are processed for getting a gray colored image and then using feature extraction, image classification techniques to detect pests on leaves. The images are acquired by using a digital camera . The images are then transferred to a PC and represented in MATLAB software. The RGB image is then converted into gray scale image and the feature extraction techniques are applied on that image. The Support Vector Machine classifier is used to classify the pest types.
Keywords:
Early pest detection, feature extraction, image processing, pests, SVM (Support Vector Machine).
Abstract
Indoor-Outdoor Classification of Audio-Video and Detection of Tampered Audio
Shijitha P U, Nagaraja Hebbar N
Abstract:
An improved method for indoor-outdoor classification of audio and video is presented. In second part it explains the detection of tampered audio. For indoor-outdoor classification of audio RT60 approach is used. This method calculates the reverberation time and decay curve of impulse response of the given audio track. The reverberation time value is compared with the threshold value for performing the classification. The contrast of hue component of HSV image of video frame is calculated for video classification. The tampering detection is performed by comparing the reverberation time of original and corrupted audio. The proposed solution proves to be useful in identifying fake audio tracks. It also helps in scene classification in videos ie to detect whether the given video is indoor or outdoor.
Keywords:
Include RT60, HSV.
Abstract
Apriori Based Muti-Keyword Search Over Encrypted Cloud Data
Sujatha Manni, Parikshith Nayak
Abstract:
With the data services provided by cloud, many data owners are motivated to outsource their data into public cloud for great flexibility and economic savings. But for protecting data privacy, sensitive data have to be encrypted before outsourcing. Thus, data search service is very important for this Encrypted cloud data. Considering the large number of data users and documents in the cloud, it is necessary to allow multiple keywords in the search request and return documents in the order of their relevance to these keywords. In this paper, Multi-keyword ranked search is proposed over encrypted cloud data. In which user can search for data with multiple keywords of interest in search query and get ranked result of related documents. Coordinate Matching, i.e., as many matches as possible, to capture the relevance of data documents to the search request. Apriori Algorithm is used for the efficient search in the proposed system for faster access of the related documents to the User.
Keywords:
Keyword search, Ranked Search, Apriori, Disjunctive search.
Abstract
Design and Implementation of GPS signal Generator using C/A code on FPGA
Jayalaxmi Rao, Sudhakara H M, Praveen J, Ragavendra Rao A
No abstract available.