International Journal of Innovative Research in Electrical, Electronics, Instrumentation and Control EngineeringA monthly Peer-reviewed & Refereed journal
IJIREEICE meets the suggestive parameters outlined in the latest University Grants Commission (UGC) for peer-reviewed journals, ensuring high standards of research integrity, publication ethics, and academic excellence.
IoT Based Environment change Monitoring & Controlling in Greenhouse using WSN
D.R.Shinde, V.W.Sonone, R.S.Dhorje
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2020.8501
Abstract: As we know greenhouse parameters monitoring and controlling plays a very important role for quality production of crops. The purpose of this paper is to design a simple Raspberry Pi 3 based circuit to continuously watch & read the values of Soil moisture, Humidity, Temperature and light of the environment that are constantly changed and controlled in order to get maximum development of plant. In this paper we present a system to monitor soil quality with the help of wireless sensor nodes. The data is acquired from each sensor used in this system. In past Attention was needed for a farmer to protect his field from different disasters caused either by human or by nature. Efforts of human are not sufficient and also farmer has to pay for manpower. Here we are using few sensors to monitor the field are Temperature sensor, Humidity Sensor, Soil Moisture sensor to check whether the field is dry or wet and a LDR to verify the lighting at that place. This system maintains the soil quality which is required to grow the particular crop properly. By using this system, the farmer can Predict & Analyze the greenhouse parameters. Tomatoes & Brinjals these two crops are selected for the prediction & Analysis. Two samples of crops are taken and the system had been verified for these crops in greenhouse environment. Finally, total power consumption and total expenditures consumed per year is estimated for controlling devices. Because of this the farmers will be able to predict the total amount for controlling action of crops for next year. By using this system, it is seen that with controlling action the product quality & quantity is increased than crops grows without controlling action.
Abstract: The day by day increase within the demand for supply of electricity during last recent years could be a dramatic growth within the national's annual residential development and played a significant role in increasing the demand for power. to fulfill the projected demand for power to deal with, the event plans, increases within the population and also the rising within the living standards, government will must accomplish new power generating units. Electricity tariff control and setting could also be a primary instrument of economic regulation. Through this paper we aim to debate the potential for alternative routes of charging for electricity and providing concessions to spice up the ways of essential electricity use, facilitate the equitable, efficient and full recovery of the worth of supplying electricity and provide clear information to consumers regarding the impact of their electricity use. Many of the prevailing tariff elements are formulated over the years as a result of the obtainable technology. As seen in the electricity tariff structures its therefore the important to contemplate style of the developments in technology with relevance metering which may facilitate a greater variety in tariff structures now or in the future.
MAX30100 Based Heart Rate and SPO2 Monitoring using IoT
Alan Roddick.S, Manoj Kumar.G, Karthik.M, Ragul.R, P. Aravind
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2020.8503
Abstract: Percentage of Oxygen in blood plays a vital role as a parameter in determining one’s health condition. This paper focuses on the effective monitoring of a person’s oxygen concentration in blood thereby acquiring and transmitting the data by wireless communication to a personal cloud storage through IoT. Method of acquiring and monitoring data in system is implemented using LabVIEW interconnected with myRio. The data can be accessed any time in order to observe the current status of the patient. In case of abnormal behavior in the detected signals, the caretaker and doctors are notified immediately through a Short Message Service (SMS) via GSM module. Cloud computing and password protected account provides privacy and security of patient details by allowing restricted access to the database.
Keywords: IoT, LabVIEW, Healthcare, Health Monitoring, Max-30100.
Nitin I. Bhopale, Shekhar Kausalye, Siddhant Kulkarni, V. Wakchaure
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2020.8504
Abstract: The objective of the proposed system is to design a simple, easy to install, microcontroller (AT89C51) based system to monitor the micro parameters of environment specifically, light, temperature, humidity, soil moisture. The system controls it by actuating lamp, fan, fogger, water pump respectively according to the necessary condition of the crop. This will reduce labour requirement, provides proper utilization of water, it saves time and money and increase the crop yield and life. The system is a handy one for the farmer to assist with the help of the technologies and semi automation, since partly, involvement of the human is necessary to restart the system and in other aspects too.
Abstract: In our country energy crashes is the main trouble for the development for the farmers that may be in the terms of petroleum energy conventional energy like coal etc. Looking to the view of present scenario of energy demand and supply such a model is designed which will be useful for farmers in the field of cultivation. There are many different types of Crop Cultivator in the market which are either imported from other countries like China and are very costly and petroleum based. In order to reduce the expenses of farmers these designs facilitate the farmer to reduce the production cost and overcome the dependency of petroleum product. Multi crop cutter using Solar energy design to work is first step towards the use of non- conventional energy which is totally pollution free. These model gives economical, vibration free and rigid and maintenance free design for economically backward class of farmers. Since, there is no diesel/petrol base engine to move the blades which are used for cutting. In these paper different models are compared with our model.
Abstract: The project describes a system or a product which will reduce the human efforts and save time through the use of radio frequency identification technology. For making this arrangement in a real plan very high technological instruments are required. In this project a prototype of such a model is made. The “intelligent Self-Parking Chair” is a unique chair that automatically moves to a set position. The chair includes a roller to automatically move 360 degree paired with a system that indicates the target position with the help of different sensors and PIC controller, we can be able to detect the unarranged chairs and with the algorithm we can park those chairs to an appropriate location.
Keywords: PIC controller, RFID, motor driver, sensors.
Error Correction Codes Using Burst and Random Errors for Multiple-Cell Upsets in Space Application
Nimisha.N, P.Rajkumar, S.Rajkumar
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2020.8507
Abstract: In space application, signals are transit from earth to space. Due to transition, radiation may occur. Thus, the probability of occurrence of Single-Cell Upsets (SCUs) or Multiple-Cell Upsets (MCUs) augments. One of the main causes of MCUs in space applications is high cosmic radiation. A common solution is the use of Error Correction Codes (ECCs). In this paper, compare the burst errors with random bit errors in ECCs and also a series of new low- redundant ECCs has been presented .These new ECCs improve the behaviour of the well-known able to correct MCUs with reduced area, power, and delay. Also, these new codes maintain, or even improve, memory error coverage with respect to Matrix and CLC codes. Currently, faults suffered by SRAM memory systems have increased due to the aggressive CMOS integration density. Nevertheless, when using ECCs in space applications, they must achieve a good balance between error coverage and redundancy, and their encoding/decoding circuits must be efficient in terms of area, power, and delay. Different codes have been proposed to tolerate MCUs. A common property of these codes is the high redundancy introduced. FUECs codes have been designed to MCUs in space applications which allow correction up to 4 -bit adjacent errors. FUEC-DAEC maintains coverage best, obtained results show that the proposed scheme is 11.438ns, 391nm², 345μw of delay, area, and power respectively. Beyond 4-bit burst errors, the performance of our codes decreases notably due to their low redundancy. Here introducing various random error bits to compare the burst error’s redundancy. And also designed DMC codes (up to 4-bit) .D-DMC maintain the low area, power, and delay of 10.402ns, 538nm², 410μW respectively over than other DMC. Comparing these two methodologies, D-DMC has low delay than FUEC-DAEC but FUEC-DAEC has low area, and power than D-DMC with an improved capability of error correction and detection.
Aditya Bhange, Purva Karwade, Payal Fating, Rakhi Meshram, Aman Kamble, Prof. (Mrs.) A. Sonaliker
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2020.8508
Abstract: The presentation is about a solar powered refrigerator as a source of energy. Solar power is chosen as the alternative energy source. The demand of energy is increasing as the population and economy is growing. The use of fossil fuels will further deteriorate the environment. One of the growing industry is refrigeration and air conditioning due to the change in lifestyle and also essential for the increase shell life of fruits vegetables and to store certain medicines and vaccines. In this project we introduce the portable refrigerator using peltier module with solar energy as supply which overcomes the disadvantages of existing refrigerator with increase in pollution and environment.
VLSI Design of reversible Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) using Verilog HDL
Sistla Eeshan, Palkonda Pooja Narsimaula, S. Ritish Kumar, G Akhil Sai Yadav
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2020.8509
Abstract: Reversible rationale is broadly being considered as the potential rationale configuration style for usage in present day nanotechnology and quantum registering with insignificant effect on physical entropy. Late advances in reversible rationale take into consideration improved quantum PC calculations and plans for comparing PC models. Huge commitments have been made in the writing towards the plan of reversible rationale door structures and number juggling units, nonetheless, there are very few endeavors coordinated towards the plan f reversible ALUs. In this paper, we propose the plan of two programmable reversible rationale door structures focused at ALU usage and their utilization in the acknowledgment of a productive reversible ALU is illustrated. The proposed ALU configuration is checked and its points of interest over the main existing ALU configuration are quantitatively dissected.
Abstract: A typical problem of growing social connectivity on social media platforms is the accurate estimation of the probability of acceptance of a request to connect with an individual. A prevalent practice involves the identification of the “friends” of a particular user in a group. The current paper proposes a weighted average metric-based approach to building a recommender system for the given purpose. The weighted average graph search-based approach is simulated and the results examined in the paper.
Keywords: social connectivity, social media, weighed average metric, recommender system, graph search
Abstract: A basic yet vital component in the tourism industry that can make or break the tourist experience is when the tourist has to make use of amenities on roadways. The main motive of the exposition is to contribute perfect stopovers for commuters on freeways. Stopovers are the restrooms that are equally distributed on the highways. Stopovers are the spots where travelers can clear their needs and refuel themselves for the rest of the journey. Every outlet features a toiletry block with clean and hygienic toilets and convenient stores. These stopovers are fully automated for their bill generation and maintenance. Each outlet works with the automated door locking and automated bill generating system. The project is based on IoT concepts utilizing different components like RFID reader, LCD, motor, and a database.
An Efficient Hemispherical Antenna Design for Wideband Applications
M.Kanishka, R. Nithish Kumar, P.Veera Murugan, C.Vimal
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2020.8512
Abstract: Liquid antennas are the type of antenna which utilize fluid to transmit and receive radio signals. Two types of liquid antennas are widely investigated: liquid metal antennas and water-based liquid antennas. As a special type of liquid antennas, water antennas are one of the most popular. They have attractive features such as: a) low-cost and readily accessible; b) compact size - water is a high permittivity material. This paper describes a hemispherical antenna made of pure water. The water hemispherical antenna is realized by replacing the metallic arm of a conventional hemispherical antenna with a plastic tube of circular cross section and filled with pure water. The axially symmetric TM01 mode is excited along the water arm and accounts for the wave propagation and radiation. Circular polarization is achieved by choosing a proper dimension of the water helix. The hemispherical antenna exhibits polarization- reconfigurable capability over a wide frequency band. The proposed antenna is designed and simulated using HFSS software design tool by forming virtual radiation.
Keywords: Hemispherical antenna, polarization reconfigurable antenna, water antenna.
Abstract: Nowadays, in variety of applications such as industrial, automation industry, agriculture processes increasingly involve the production of highly dangerous substances, particularly hazardous gas which can create a potential hazardous to the humans. If we inhale the hazardous gas it can cause serious health impacts, unconsciousness and even death. Hence proper precaution measures should be taken for accurately detecting the hazardous gas to avoid the endangering of human lives. In this paper, an Intelligent Electronic Nose is developed for continuous monitoring of hazardous gas in sewerage plant. Sewer manhole is one of the most important part of sewer system. A continuous monitoring of the hazardous gases emitted by this system is an essential one. The measured gas level reaches the threshold level, an immediate rectifying activity has to be taken to prevent the human deaths. Hence, a WSN based embedded system is designed with various gas sensors which monitors and send an early warning signal to the concern person through a mobile app.
Pratiksha R. Bansod, Prajakta Deshmukh, Komal Bawane, Abhilasha Kamble, Prof. S. C. Suke
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2020.8515
Abstract: Solar energy is rapidly advancing as an important means of renewable energy resources. Solar panel has Photovoltaic arrays (PV) which directly converts lights into electricity. So, we have proposed the scheme which utilizes solar energy to power the controlling device of various equipment with battery backup. Today’s home required sophistication control in its different gadgets which are basically electronic appliances. Here coffee vending machines are developed using android. Mobile connection is a wireless communication over an ad hoc network environment. Manufacturing of hardware with the assembly of the minimum system, microcontroller Atmega16. Net interface as a medium of communication to the database server. Android mobile will send a command given by the user to the database served through the Internet.
Keywords: Solar energy, Renewable energy Source, Microcontroller Atmega16
Monitoring and Protection of Electrical Load using ‘IOT’
Shubham U. Bodalkar, Nikhil G. Umare, Rohit M. Pardhi, Pawan J. Zore, Swapnil S. Nikure, Prof. D.D. Dhawale*
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2020.8516
Abstract: This paper proposes monitoring and protection of electrical load system designed to be integrated in domestic or industrial premises based on Internet-of-Things technologies. The proposed system enhances electrical safety by fast disconnection of the power supply in case of fault events like leakage current, overcurrent or overvoltage. The system also enables real-time monitoring and notification events through an advanced communication interface using mobiles phones, laptop by accessing the website. In the Energy Management system, the main constraints are accurate metering, energy monitoring and implementation of visual data for consumer load profile. This Project is intended in designing a system at home or industry which monitors the energy consumption of each device, which is designed to calculate the total energy consumption. A server will be created with appropriate channels to monitor the energy consumption from each of the devices respectively. These data will be uploaded to the server at the monitoring end. Considering all these data individual energy load profile for each of the devices is displayed on the web-page. Accordingly, the analysis can be made for the precise usage or energy consumption of each device in order to further reduce the usage of the device which is drawing the maximum amount of energy. These monitoring reports can be remotely accessed and would help consumers to take the required action in order to improvise the energy usage.
Sakthi Suramanjari U, Sowmiya S L, Madhumitha V, Mrs.P.Vigneswari
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2020.8517
Abstract: In this paper we have proposed a student tracker. This paper is about developing a mobile application to track the location of students. The tracking device intimates that a student is out of range. This paper consists of a hand- held wireless tracking device. It consists of three parts. The first part is a band with Bluetooth and a microcontroller which is worn by the student. The second part is a web server that will receive the data which is accessed over the Internet. The third component is the faculty/parent interface that will allow them to visually see where the hand-held device is.
An Efficient Multicarrier Transmission over Powerline Channel for Intra-Vehicular Applications
Sai Sanjay A, Goutham S G, Mubashera A S, Ravishankar S
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2020.8518
Abstract: Intra-Vehicular communication from various sensors to the Engine Control Unit (ECU) as well as from other mechanical devices in a vehicle are connected to the dashboard is currently in focus due to the need to support Connected Cars in a 5G scenario. Presently dedicated power lines and data lines are used making it redundant and expensive. Here we examine methods to transfer data over a power line in a typical intra vehicular scenario noting that the power and data lines are different in various aspects. Data lines are point to point links but power lines have bridge taps connected to various sensors with varying loads. Two techniques to perform an efficient communication between the sensors and the dashboard are proposed. The first way is to use the capacity afforded by Multiple Carrier Communication that readily provides substantial redundancy in terms of bandwidth, facilitating rate reapportioning to cater to varying channel impedance. However, the data rates are unsustainable when there is a sudden change in channel response for which a second method is proposed. In the second method which includes the first method also, we compensate the time varying impedance using conjugate impedance in one arm of the Wheatstone bridge. This bridge also serves the purpose of isolation between Modem and power line. The results have been provided by using 20 metres line under varying load conditions which includes open, short and various impedances which typically matches with that of a power line in an automotive scenario.
Hardware-in-the-loop Simulation of Closed Loop Buck Converter using Virtual Typhoon HIL Simulator
Vishnu.S
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2020.8519
Abstract: Over the past two decades, universally useful PC has gotten both progressively powerful and affordable. This has prompted the rise of exceptionally advanced applications that not just empower high-fidelity simulation of dynamic frameworks yet also has automatic code generation for testing and implementation of real-time controllers. Because of the progression of software like MATLAB/SIMULINK real-time simulator systems are utilized broadly in engineering fields, for example, industry, research establishments, and academics. The main objective of this paper is to simulate a closed-loop buck converter using a virtual typhoon HIL simulator and verify the design and modeling using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The brief steps of HIL implementation of a closed-loop buck converter using virtual typhoon HIL are discussed.
Smart Cap – Wearable Visual Guidance System for Blind
Veeresh Basavaraj Hatti, Deepali R Anvekar, Bindushree S, Kajal Lenka
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2020.8520
Abstract: The people who are having complete blindness or low vision face many types of hurdles in performing every day routine works. Blindness can occur due to many reasons including disease, injury or other conditions that limit vision. Our aim is to develop a navigation aid for the blind and the visually impaired people. We design and implement a smart cap which helps the blind and the visually impaired people to navigate freely by experiencing their surroundings. The scene around the person will be captured by using a NoIR camera and the objects in the scene will be detected. The headset will give a voice output describing the detected objects. The architecture of the system consists of Raspberry Pi 3 processor, NoIR camera, headset and a power source. The processor collects the frames of the surroundings and convert it to voice output. The device uses TensorFlow API, opensource machine learning library developed by the Google Brain Team for the object detection and classification. TensorFlow helps in creating machine learning models capable of identifying and classifying multiple objects in a single image. Thus, details corresponding to various objects present within a single frame are obtained using TensorFlow API. A Text to Speech Synthesiser (TTS) software called eSpeak is used for converting the details of the detected object (in text format) to speech output. So the video captured by using the NoIR camera is finally converted to speech signals and thus narration of the scene describing various objects is done. Objects which come under different classes like mobiles, vase, person, vehicles, couch etc are detected.
A Review of Logging Utility for Software Application
Amisha Singh, Shushrutha K.S
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2020.8521
Abstract: In recent years, software engineers are thriving to develop reliable and stable applications for embedded systems. Logging utility plays an important role in recognizing the errors and faster debugging process by being a back- burner activity. Software application logging is helpful however it has cost also like memory, battery life, etc. Moreover, previous examinations on logging show that optimal logging is challenging for software designers. The aim of this study is to orchestrate significant investigations on techniques used for solving various resource challenges while logging. One such technique is Variable rate logging (VRL) which stops the recording of the log when no change in state of activity is observed. The standstill and indoor/outdoor detection algorithm are used to achieve VRL. For memory management different storage techniques are used. Log records are stored in flash memory to keep a record of recent read/write operation to ease the debugging process. One more memory management technique used for applications interacting with database are in-memory write-ahead logging (IMWAL), this ensures no duplication of the data to be stored. In the end, various guideline to generate high quality logs are discussed.
Keywords: Logging techniques, Software applications, Maintenance and Debugging.
Abstract: Demand of energy is expanding with each period, to satisfy the necessary interest we should need to focus on using renewable sources of energy. Energy obtained from the sun is the best choices among the sustainable power sources. It is free, limitless. Eco-friendly, non-Polluting and nonstop wellspring of energy. This paper described about Solar Power Tree that produce huge measure of energy by catching little land zone consistently.
Keywords: Solar Tree, Renewable Energy Sources and Photo Voltaic (PV) cells
Abstract: The toe principle high vitality required by home devices (like white product, sound/video machines and correspondence sorts of rigging) and air-con frameworks (warming and cooling), makes our homes one of the main fundamental zones for the impact of vitality usage on ordinary condition. Accentuation on the orchestrating of a structure which will restrain vitality waste in home conditions with production overseeing contraptions action modes. In us to assembly we will when all is said in done use a remote detecting segment framework to watch physical limitation (like light-weight and temperature) moreover seeing the way that the proximity of customers gathering and in everything about rooms. To improve vitality framework usage advantageous to guaranteeing the predefined ease level. Right when customers/individual change their affinities on account of whimsical events, and the framework can see wrong opportunities and researching persistently information from sensors and to switch framework direct in this way. Parameters that might be stop the exhibition of home computerization frameworks for vitality saving into the mass market.
Keywords: Home Automation, Contraptions, Proximity, Sensor, Frameworks, Parameters.
Wireless Power Transmission Via Solar Power Satellite
Nehal Sahu, Narendra Kumar Verma, Md. Asif Iqbal
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2020.8524
Abstract: Right now, present the idea of transmitting power without utilizing wires. Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) has been made doable as of late because of advances in technology and better executions of transfer techniques, for example, Microwave Power Transfer (MPT). So as to lessen the transmission and distribution misfortunes. The MPT framework works by changing over microwave into power by utilizing extraordinary gadgets called as rectenna. The utilizations of MPT are various, not exclusively to change the manner in which existing advancements work, yet additionally as hypothetical builds for future development. While the advantages are extraordinary, there are numerous restrictions and downsides of MPT. We likewise talked about the innovative advancements in Wireless Power Transmission (WPT). The focal points, inconveniences, organic effects and uses of WPT are likewise introduced.
Keywords: Microwave Power Transmission (MPT), Wireless Power Transmission (WPT), Wireless, Power Transmission, Space Solar Power Satellite.
Prepaid Electric Smart Metering Scheme with GSM and Microcontroller
Narendra Kumar Verma, Nehal Sahu, Md Asif Iqbal
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2020.8525
Abstract: Electricity consumption in different countries especially in the developing are suffering huge losses due to electricity theft and many other losses which are happened at the time of power transmission and due to another factor of power transmission. In developing countries, the utilities of electricity are facing difficulties in collecting electric bill in full scale. So, the prepaid metering system is becoming popular for ensuring the collection of bills in advance. In this paper, the structure of a smart system for prepaid electricity metering scheme has been developed. This is based on collection of electric energy data from consumer ends to the source end vice-versa it means it is a two-way communication system between source and consumer This process for power utilization is secured electricity and reduce the theft and losses and also control them and provide better efficiency of power at the consumer end and the source end.
Keywords: Energy Meter, Prepaid Meter, Electric Meter Scheme, Power System.
A T, Star-Delta and Zigzag Connected Transformer Connections of 5-Level and 7-Level VSC Based DSTATCOM for Power Quality Improvement
K.S.S. Naga Teja, P. Kamalakar
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2020.8526
Abstract: In this paper, a new three-phase four-wire Distribution Static Compensator (DSTATCOM) based on a T- connected transformer and a three-leg Voltage Source Converter (VSC) is proposed for power quality improvement. The T-connected transformer connection mitigates the neutral current and the three-leg VSC compensates harmonic current, reactive power, and balances the load. Two single-phase transformers are connected in T-configuration for interfacing to a three-phase four-wire power distribution system and the required rating of the VSC is reduced. The Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) based VSC is supported by a capacitor and is controlled for the required compensation of the load current. The DC bus voltage of the VSC is regulated during varying load conditions. The DSTATCOM is tested for power factor correction and voltage regulation along with neutral current compensation, harmonic elimination, and balancing of linear loads as well as nonlinear loads. The performance of the three-phase four-wire DSTATCOM is validated using MATLAB software with its Simulink and power system block set toolboxes.
Keywords: D-STATCOM, Harmonics, Inverter Transformer, Power Quality.